ARN Flashcards

(51 cards)

1
Q

Nukleinsaure

A

polímeros hechos de monomeros– bilden nukleotid

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2
Q

A

A

Adenin

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3
Q

T

A

Thymin

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4
Q

c

A

CYTOSIN

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5
Q

G

A

guanin

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6
Q

u

A

uracil

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7
Q

teile von nukleotid

A

Phosphat Gruppe, Stickstoff base, 5- Kohlenstoff Xucker

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8
Q

Zucker im RNA

A

Ribose

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9
Q

zucker im DNA

A

desoxyribose (sin O en 3´)

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10
Q

paaren der komplementäre basen

A

Chargaff
A=T
C=G

Si G=14%
c=14
a+t=72
a=36=t

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11
Q

DNA

A

Doppel strang
desoxyribose
A,T,G,C

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12
Q

RNA

A

Einzel Strang
ribose
AUGC

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13
Q

Replikations porozzess objetivo

A

mitose

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14
Q

wo passiert replikation

A

ZELLKERN
INTERPHASE
S-PHASE

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15
Q

Was brauchen wir für replikation

A

enzymen

freie nukleotiden

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16
Q

semikonservativ prozess

A

Meselson-Stahl

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17
Q

transcription

A
protein zynthese (mRNA SYNTHESE IM ZELLKERN)
DNA HAT REZEPT FÜR AMINOsaure Sequenzen, aber es ist im Zellkern und muss zum ribosom (da werden Proteine synthetisiert)

ZELLKERN
RESULTAT: mRNA molekule

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18
Q

proteinas con 4 polypeptidos

A

se necesitan 4 geners

4 DNA Sektionen

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19
Q

3 buCHTSBANE IM dna

A

TRIPLETS

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20
Q

3 BUCHSTABEN IM RNA

A

CODON

1 AMINOSAURE=1CODON=3BUCHSTABBEN AUGC

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21
Q

mRNA

A

dna KOPIE

bringt dann Boden zum ribosom (poros del núcleo)

22
Q

rRNA

A

bildet Ribosom

23
Q

tRNA

A

transfiere Aminosäure zum riobosom, so dass polypeotid kette bildet

24
Q

tRNA

A

+
AA oben
Anticodon unten (3 Buchstaben, bindet zu spezifisches mRNA codon)

25
Translation
translation von Stickstoff basen zu aminosaure Zellplasma resultat: polypeptid kette
26
zellteilung phasen
interphase (vorbereiten mitose/M-Phase (Kernteilung) zytokinese (zytoplasma teilung)
27
Interphase
G1 pHASE (CRECE citoplasma, verdopplung von zellorganelle, vorbeirennt für Protein Biosynthese DNA-RNA) S-Phase (Replikation, Verdopplung DNA) G2-Phase revision)
28
ADN Poly I y II
Eukarioten
29
DNA Poly III
prokarioten
30
pasen von replikation
initiation elongation termination
31
initiation
se abre replikations Gabel (helikase, girase, topoisomerase, primase)
32
helikase
trennt H brucken
33
girase
hace q strang no se enrolle sobre si
34
topoisomerase
marca horquilla
35
primase
primer
36
elongation
``` Synthese der neue Einzelstrange ADN POLYMERASE II DNA POLY I HEXONUCLEASE 5 A 3 HACIA ABAJO mas lenta ```
37
and poly ii
construye nueva hebra de 5 a 3
38
Okazaki segment
acelera proceso de formación en desconitnuerte strang (contrario a helikasa q trabaja de 3 a 5)
39
DNA POLY I
Arregla lugar dnd estaba el primer
40
hexonuklease
elimina nucleotidos de un extremo de la cadena | corrige y revis<
41
termination
LIGASE ENZYM forma enlaces covalentes de 5 de una cadena con 3 dude otra
42
ETAPAS TRANSKRIPTION
INITIATION ELONGATION TERMINATION MADURATION
43
initation scrip
se reconocen 3 letras TAC PROMOTOR DNA: TATA (marca donde se ubica ARN polymerase) primer: AUG ARN, DNA ES TAC
44
eklongation scrip
ARN POLYMERASE pone STICKSTOFF BASEN DE ARN pega tmb zucker con phopshat gruppe
45
Termination scrip
protección arriba y abajo al inicio: 7-metil-guanosina (protege) 5 al final cola pOLY A protege 3
46
maduración scrip
arn se deprrsne de hebra pero no de núcleo todavía RIBONUKLEIN PROTEIN se sacan intrones, se dejan exones (tienen info repetida prosaica) LIGASE PEGA EXONES
47
se copia de
5 a 3
48
se lee de
3 a 5
49
TRANSLATION
RIBOSOM initiation- ribosome reconoce AUG elongation-ARNt deja aminoacido, lee de 3 Termination- Se termina con UAA, UAG, UGA
50
partes de ribosom
3- E 2-P 1-A aca se metil RNAt
51
fases de la mitose
prophase meta ana telo