AROMATIC & ETC.

Question 1

How to know if a ring is aromatic, non aromatic, and anti aromatic?

Answer 1

aromatic - planar, cyclic, and conjugated it follows huckels rule of (2,6,10,14)
Non aromatic will fail at least one rule
Anti aromatic (4,8,12)

Question 2

What happens when there is a deactivating group or an amine reacting with friedel crafts alkylation (CH3CH2CL —– AlCl3)

Answer 2

no reaction

Question 3

if you have a deactivating group on a benzene and reacting with a deactivating group what would happen ?

Answer 3

deactivating groups are meta positions and it will go there

Question 4

if you have a activating group on a benzene and reacting with a deactivating group what would happen ?

Answer 4

activating groups (OH, R , OR, NH2) will go ortho para
HALOGENS ARE DEACTIVATING BUT WILL GO ORHTO PARA

Question 5

MEMORIZE EACH PKA GROUP
ALOCHOL
CARBO ACID
ALPHA HYDROGEN BETWEEN TWO CARBONYLS,
ALKANE
ALKENE

Answer 5

16
4
9
50
45

LOWER THE PKA THE MORE ACIDIC
also if electronegative in other cases

Question 6

DEFINE WHAT EACH ISOMER IS:
structural
enantiomers
configurational
geometric
diastereomers
conformational
stereoisomers

Answer 6

structural : 3 hex , 2 hex
enantiomers: mirror images
configurational: epimers/ anomers has chiral
geometric: Cis / Trans
diastereomers: Not mirror images
conformational: Newman projections
stereoisomers : R/S

Question 7

Name each new man projection

Answer 7

Question 8

Which has the largest ring strain?

Answer 8

cyclopropane

Question 9

which has the least ring strain?

Answer 9

cyclooctane more carbons - less strain

Question 10

how to assign r and s

Answer 10

must assign by atomic number, make a circle if clock wise then R if counter S
depending if group 4 is a wedge or a dash
if a dash then regular
if a wedge then clockwise is S
and counter clockwise is R

Question 11

when asking for stereoisomers what is that ?

Answer 11

you look for the number of chiral centers and use the formula 2^n

Question 12

what is more stable a axial or equatorial?

Answer 12

when all substituents are equatorial / = lowest energy

Question 13

what happens during a chair man flip ?

Answer 13

all substituents move one away from original position and all the axial will become equatorial and vice versa

Question 14

MEMORIZE IR

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

memorize

Question 16

if the ph of an amino acid was ph=2 what would the overall charge of the amino acid ?

Answer 16

ph= 2 would be + acidic
over ph = 7 it would be - basic

Question 17

what are the characteristics of E1, E2, SN1, SN2 ?

Answer 17

they all require polar protic solvents
E1: (2 STEP ) methyl/hydride shift
SN1: ( 2 STEP) racemic mixture, carbocation rearrangement.
E2: (1 STEP) antiperiplanar
SN2: ( 1 STEP) , pentacoordinate transition state, 100% inversion of configuration,