AROMS anatomy Flashcards
(45 cards)
skin composed of
superficial epidermis
underlying dermis
subcutaneous connective tissue
Relaxed skin tension lines?
implication in surgery
provide excellent camouflage of incisions within or PARALLEL to them — surgical approaches to the face should attempt to place incisions at the borders of facial subunits and parallel to RSTLsf
fat pads of the face
malar fat pad
buccal fat pad
malar fat pad
a triangular structure superficial to the SMAS (The superficial musculoaponeurotic system, or SMAS, is often described as an organized fibrous network composed of the platysma muscle, parotid fascia, and fibromuscular layer covering the cheek. This system divides the deep and superficial adipose tissue of the face and has region-specific morphology) and mimetic muslces
oriented with its base along the nasolabial fold and apex at the zygomatic prominence
buccal fat pad
a defined entity with a central body and three processes
- body
-buccal process
-pterygomandibular process
- temporal process
Layers of the scalp?
SCALP
S: skin
C: connective tissue / fat / subcutaneous
A: aponeurosis (of galea)
L: loose areolar tissue
P : pericranium
the skin, CT, and aponeurosis are intimately bound together and move as one unit called the scalp proper
the aponeurosis is a tendinous sheath that connexts the frontalis anteriorly to the occipitalis posteriorly
temporal fascial layers?
continuation of?
when the galea reaches temporal region - it is called the superficial temporal fascia or the temporopariatel fascia
- temporoparietal fascia is confluent with galea superiorly and the SMAS ingeriorly
- it presents as a thin whispy dull white color
below the superficial temporal fascia lies the DEEP temporalis fascia which lies directly over the temporalis muscles
- presents as a stark white / salmon skin appearance
below the superficial temporal fascia?
lies the deep temporalis fascia which lies directly over the muscle
temporal branch of facial nerve location?
implication?
temporal branch of facial nerve and the superficial temporalis artery lies within the SMAS
which is DEEP to the temperoparietal fascia and SUPERFICIAL to the superficial layer of the deep temporal fascia
so dissection should continue DEEP to the superficial layer of the deep temporal fascia to protect this nerve
*** it is about on average 2cm (.8-3.5 cm) ANTERIOR to the anterior border of the external auditory canal
SMAS aka and general location / function
superficial musculoaponeurotc system SMAS
- continous with the temporoparitel fascia superior and superficial cervical fascia inferior
fan like fibromuscular layer that encases muscles of facial expression and connects dermis to the underlying muscles
facial layers summary
- superficial layer
- “deep” layer
SUPERFICIAL
1. temporoparietal fascia (temporal region)
2. SMAS (mid face)
3. superficial layer of cervical fascia (neck)
DEEP
1. temporal fascia
2. parotidomasseteric fascia
3. superficial later of deep cervical fascia
orbicularis oris
nerve and action
facial nerve
- buccal and marginal mandibular
- purse lips, mouth closure
depressor anguli oris
nerve and action
facial nerve
- buccal and marginal mandibular
- frown, pull down corners of mouth
levator anguli oris
nerve and action
facial nerv
- zygomatic and buccal
- elevate angle of mouth
zygomaticus major
nerve and action
facial
- zygomatic branch and buccal
- moves angle of mouth superiorly and laterally
zygomaticus minor
nerve and action
facial
- zygomatic and buccal
- elevates the upper lip
levator labii superioris alaequa nasi
nerve and action
facial nerve
- zygomatic and buccal
- elevated upper lip and dilates the nostrils
- connects to the greater alar cartilage of the nose
risorius
nerve and action
facial nerve
- zygomatic and buccal
- moves angle of mouth laterally.
depressor labii inferioris
nerve and action
facial nerve
- marginal mandibular
- depress lower lip
mentalis
nerve and action
facial nerve
- marginal mandibular
- protrudes lower lip
buccinator
nerve and action
facial
- buccal
- aids in mastication and creates sucking action
which muscles most influence the nasolabial fold
levator anguli oris
zygomaticus major
risorus
platysma
dempressor anguli oris
corrugator supercilii
nerve and function
facial
- temporal nerve
- draws eyebrow medially and inferiorly
depressor supercilii
nerve and function
facial
- temporal
- depression of eyebrow
