Arrhythmia

Question 1

Arryhtmia

Answer 1

abnormalties in HR

Question 2

causes of arrythmia

Answer 2

impulse generation, impulse conduction

Question 3

impulse generation types

Answer 3

triggered, abnormal automaticity

Question 4

impulse conduction types

Answer 4

re-entry circuits, heart block

Question 5

classification based on

Answer 5

effect on HR, site of origin

Question 6

normal pacemaker

Answer 6

SAN

Question 7

tachyarrhythmia

Answer 7

increase HR

Question 8

bradyarrhythmia

Answer 8

decrease HR

Question 9

Abnormal automaticity

Answer 9

SAN overriden by abnormal pacemaker activity in myocardium

Question 10

causes of abnormal A

Answer 10

ischaemia, hypokalaemia, catecholamine

Question 11

triggered automaticity

Answer 11

extra depol during non-nodal AP, EAD end of phase 2/phase 4 DAD

Question 12

triggered A causes

Answer 12

excessive net inward depol current, Ca accumulation in cell

Question 13

Triggered A in response to:

Answer 13

cardiac glycosides, phosphodiesterase type III inhibitor, catecholamines, hypercalcaemia, ischaemia, class 1A+III AA drugs

Question 14

re-entry circuits

Answer 14

re-excitation of myocardium by arrival or re-entry of delayed impulse

Question 15

re-entry circuit requirements

Answer 15

control inexcitable region, zone of slowed conduction, zone of unidirectional block

Question 16

what is an effective barrier to re-entrant impulse

Answer 16

absolute refractory period

Question 17

Heart block

Answer 17

partial/complete failure of conduction by AVN of impulses from SAN to ventricles

Question 18

Heart block 3rd degree

Answer 18

complete (no conduction)

Question 19

HB-2nd degree

Answer 19

fraction of impulse conducted

Question 20

HB-1st degree

Answer 20

abnormally slow (PR interval increase on ECG)