Art History Test 2

Question 1

Answer 1

Hammurabi Stele

Babylon

King Stands before Sun God and God of Justice (Shamash). Commands Hammurabi to record the law.

Question 2

Answer 2

Snake Goddess

Fertility Goddess - represents both male and female fertility powers.

Glazed Earthenware

Question 3

Answer 3

Great Stupa

Contains the ashes or relics of a Buddha

Whole structures represents Siddhartha Guatama, or the original Buddha

Mound represents the World Mountain, dwelling place of ancient Gods

Gates are called Toranas

Square top symbolizes the heavens

Question 4

Answer 4

Isenheim Alterpiece

Meant to be a realistic picture of a terrible death

Place on the Alter where the Eucharist is served

Not realistic in the sense the John the Baptist is there

Meant to be consolation for patients in the hospital

Question 5

Answer 5

Sacrifice of Isaac

Body of Isaac is idealized and perfect

Represents the ultimate test of faith in Jewish and Christian Religions

Question 6

Answer 6

Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

Origin of the universe, human beings, and sin

Commisioned by the Pope, Michaelangelo preferred sculpting

Show Christian beliefs about origin of the world

Question 7

Answer 7

Notre Dame du Haut

Catholic Pilgramage destination

Outdoor altar and pulpit for large crowds

Sculpture-like

Symbol for praying hands, boat, and dove wings - divine generosity

Question 8

Answer 8

Parthenon

Post-and-lintel system

Doric Columns

Optical Illusions built in

Frieze girds the outer top sides

Two football fields long

Question 9

Answer 9

Taj Mahal

Islamic Mausoleum

Built by ruler of Mughal Empire, Shah Jahan, for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal

The garden is a symbol for paradise

The structure itself represents the throne of Allah

Minarets

Question 10

Answer 10

Sarcophagus with Reclining Couple

Estrucan art

Tombs laid out like houses

Emphasized sociability and the pleasures of living

Same size of husband and wife reflect a more egalitarian society

Question 11

Answer 11

Colossal Statue of Constantine

Constantine made Christianity legal, and eventually the empire’s religion

Sheer scale represants how important he was

Question 12

Answer 12

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut

When Egyptians tombs began to be hidden in hillsides, funerary temples become enlarged.

Once housed 200 statues of her

Afterward, her portraits were defaced

Hatshepsut was a female ruler

Question 13

Answer 13

AIDS Memorial Quilt

Community Art

Thousands of panels, each made by ordinary people

Started by gay activist Cleve Jones

Fundraising tool

Question 14

Answer 14

Menkaure and his Wife

Display egyptian Ideal of beauty and maturity

Same size as pharaonic succession is through the female line

Meant to show power and divinity of leadership as descendants of the Sun God, Re

Compact pose makes statue durable and permanent

Question 15

Answer 15

Emporer Justinian and His Attendants

Christian Emporer

Clergy to the Right, Military to the left

Shown as Emporer-priest

12 figures allude to the apostles

Shows rule qualities

Question 16

Answer 16

Lamassu

Palace Art

Assyrian Empire

Meant to terrify and intimidate those who entered

Horned Crown symbolizes king’s divine power

Question 17

Answer 17

Hall of Mirrors

Versailles

Classical Baroque

Just as King Louis XIV dominated the French church, nobility, and peasants, he also controlled art, fashion and manners.

Established the French Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture

Theatrical hall a sign of King’s power

Question 18

Answer 18

Houses of Parliament

Built to create a national identity and express patriotic spirit

Gothic Revival

Sculptors criticized for breaking away from the Neoclassic style

Meant to be perfect for a Christian nation

Question 19

Answer 19

Te Papaiouru Marae

New Zealand

Maori Nation

Site for reaffirming tribal values (in opposition to colonialism)

Represented the body of an ancestor

Meant to pass on clan history and traditions to the young

Question 20

Answer 20

Palette of King Narmer

Used for mixing black eye makeup

Egyptian

Carving is the forceful unification of Egypt

Glorifies war and power of Egypt

Question 21

Answer 21

Executions of May 3, 1808

Napolean’s soldiers execture rioters outside of madrid

Main man is posed like Jesus

Soliders are dehumanized, with rigid war machine organization

Question 22

Answer 22

Elegy to the Spanish Republic XXXIV

Painting mourned loss of liberty in spain to Fascist forces

Black parts represent several things - bull’s testicale, berets, living forms being crushed by black bands

Question 23

Answer 23

Liberty Leading the People

Liberty is like a Greek Goddess

Homage to the 1830 Paris Revolt

A romantic work that combines realistic and idealistic elements

Question 24

Answer 24

Mr. and Mrs. Andrews without their heads

Protest against colonialism

Headlessness is a commentary on the ruling class in the French revolution

Clothing is from African Culture but made of dutch material

Shows that cultures are now intertwined, a pure culture does not exist

Question 25

Answer 25

Jean De Dinteville and Georges de Selve ## Footnote Emphasis on learning rather than authority (both of these men were humanists) Signs of discord are present, alluding to tension between church and secular authorities One is a religous leader and one is a political leader

Question 26

Answer 26

Shibboleth ## Footnote Title is a word only insiders know Belonging vs outsider status These cracks start small but become big VIsible scar still remains on the floor

Question 27

Answer 27

Untitled (Selected Writings) ## Footnote Familiar, yet contradictory or idiotic phrases The phrases are meant to be half correct, we drive ourselves crazy with a million possibilities

Question 28

Answer 28

Breakfast Scene ## Footnote Satirical painting about upper English classes Widely distributed

Question 29

Answer 29

MetroMobiltan ## Footnote Designed to raise social consciousness Advocates for native Africans in South Africa under apartheid that corporations were profiting off

Question 30

Answer 30

Echo of a Scream ## Footnote Spanish Civil War Giant head represents pain of all unseen victims Waste as the product of innovation or progress

Question 31

Answer 31

Nefertiti ## Footnote Individualized BUT idealized features new aesthetic canon, which is more relaxed and naturalistic. Emobdies concept of ancient egyptian beauty

Question 32

Answer 32

Dolorosa ## Footnote Video of weeping people played slowly At first, they look like paintings Study of emotional states

Question 33

Answer 33

Self Portrait with Monkey ## Footnote Surrounded by symbols of her personal history and Mexican history Bus accident Animal was her alter ego

Question 34

Answer 34

Untitled Film Still 53 (Blonde, Close up with Lamp) ## Footnote Each image is a socially prescribed or media disseminated role. Shows the fragmentation of a person rather than the piecing onself together like Frida Kahlo Posed in a variety of costumes and poses in many settings

Question 35

Answer 35

Doryphoros (Spear-Bearer) ## Footnote A model of Greek ideal proportions Restrained emotions Youth, athlete, warrior Polykleitos invented the system mathmatical and geometric proportions called the Canon. These is a human however

Question 36

Answer 36

Lacoon and His sons ## Footnote Came after the classical era, Greek art began to be more realistic, less ideal This Hellenestic Greek Style There is more emotion in this style Gods sent snakes to kill Laoccon and his sons

Question 37

Answer 37

Male Torso (Ancestor Figure) ## Footnote Africa Idea of ideal proportions Human figure sculpted symmetrically Depection of an ancestor Combines naturalistic and abstract features

Question 38

Answer 38

David ## Footnote This is a renaissance Nude More tension than in Doryphoros Oversized hands express youthfulness Body is seen as a work of God,

Question 39

Answer 39

Unique Forms of Continuity in Space ## Footnote Skin layer does not define the body's outer edge Body is a mass of wave energy Body is pat of the energy and world around it

Question 40

Answer 40

Handspring, a Flying Pigeon Interfering ## Footnote We could examine movement as never before with photography. Used 12 different cameras, athlete pulled on strings connected to each one

Question 41

Answer 41

The Scream ## Footnote Psychological Dimension of art

Question 42

Answer 42

The Artist is Present ## Footnote The artist's body and actions are the art piece She sat immobile for 736 hours for this piece Guests would sit across form her

Question 43

Answer 43

Lucifer ## Footnote Action Painting Body as an Art Making Tool

Question 44

Action Painting

Answer 44

The motion of the entire body is significant in creating the painting

Question 45

Classical

Answer 45

Art from the Greek and Roman Periods, focused on humanism

Question 46

Contrapposto

Answer 46

Counterbalanced stance, not straight up

Question 47

Hellenistic

Answer 47

Greek Culture from 323 to 31 BCE. More active and emotional than Classical art.

Question 48

Stoicism

Answer 48

Individuals urged to endure nobly their fate and state of life.

Question 49

Surrealism

Answer 49

Fantastic and Dreamlike imagery drawn from subconscious. Sigmun Freud

Question 50

Pop Art

Answer 50

Used common commerical items as subject matter. Often Satire

Question 51

Gothic

Answer 51

Culture and art of wester Europe from the 12-14th centures. Arches, etc

Question 52

Idealized

Answer 52

Natural Imagery is modified in a way that strives for perfection

Question 53

Automatism

Answer 53

Creating art without conscious thought, accessing from the subconscious

Question 54

Dreamtime Symbols

Answer 54

Clan symbols form the native australian tribes

Question 55

Barrel Vault

Answer 55

An arched roof extended in depth front to back , creating a tunnel-like structure.

Question 56

Cubism

Answer 56

Multiple view points or facets are represented from one point of view

Question 57

Gothic Revival

Answer 57

19th century style that evoke medieval gothic architecture, painting and craft

Question 58

Neoclassic

Answer 58

18th century revival aof classical greek and roman styles, as well as some renaissance styles

Question 59

Hypostyle Hall

Answer 59

Hall in which a grid of columns support the roof

Question 60

Triumphal Arch

Answer 60

Roman Arches that commemorate victories or major building projects. Example: Arch of Titus

Question 61

Abbot Suger

Answer 61

Leading Cleric during the Gothic era. Viewed Gothic cathedrals as the middle ground between the slime of earth and the purity of heaven

Question 62

Polytheism

Answer 62

Numerous Gods

Question 63

Pantheism

Answer 63

All gods are manifestations fo the same universal spirit or being

Question 64

Stupa

Answer 64

Dome shaped buddhist shrine

Question 65

Abstract Expressionism

Answer 65

Rejection of traditional artistic standars. Focus on spontaneity, gesture, and emotional expression.

Question 66

Mandala

Answer 66

Radially balanced, geometric diagram

Question 67

Lamassu

Answer 67

Divine genie, winged, part lion or bull, head of human. Used on Assyrian palaces.

Question 68

Future

Answer 68

20th centry movement that celebrated energy and dynamism. Change, upheaval of the machine age.