Arthrology Flashcards
(175 cards)
1
Q
Name the only meniscus-ligamentous attachment.
A
medial meniscus to MCL of knee
2
Q
Which rib articulates with the fourth sternal segment and the xiphoid process?
A
rib 7
3
Q
Name the ligament that prevents anterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur.
A
ACL
4
Q
What type of joint is the knee joint?
A
synovial - pivot-hinge
5
Q
What movements do the midcarpal joints make possible?
A
flexion, abduction of hand
6
Q
Name the bursa of the knee that permits full flexion and extension.
A
suprapatellar bursa
7
Q
Name the joint type that usually has an articular capsule and permits at least one axis of free motion.
A
synovial (or diarthroidal) joint
8
Q
Name the ligament that attaches the head of a rib with a vertebral body.
A
radiate ligament
9
Q
Which joint is most responsible for head flexion?
A
atlantooccipital
10
Q
Where does the anterior tibiofibular ligament attach?
A
anterior head of the fibula and the anterolateral aspect of the condyle of the tibia
11
Q
Which articular surfaces make up the humeroulnar joint?
A
trochlea of the humerus with trochlear notch of the ulna
12
Q
Which intra-articular ligament of the knee prevents posterior displacement of the femur relative to the tibia?
A
ACL
13
Q
What name is given to the outer portion of an intervertebral disc?
A
annulus fibrosus
14
Q
What type of joint is the talocacaneonavicular joint?
A
synovial: ball and socket
15
Q
Name the ligament that prevents the humerus from being displaced upwards.
A
coracoacromial ligament
16
Q
Which structures limit movement of the sacroiliac joint?
A
sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
17
Q
which articular surfaces make up the proximal radioulnar joint?
A
proximal head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna
18
Q
What kind of joint is the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?
A
synovial: condyloid (aka ellipsoidal)
19
Q
What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?
A
synovial: pivot (aka trochoid)
20
Q
What type of joint are the intermetacarpal joints?
A
synovial: plane (aka arthroidal, gliding)
21
Q
What type of joint is the tarsometatarsal joint?
A
synovial: plane
22
Q
What kind of joint is fibrous and immovable (or only slightly movable)?
A
synarthrosis
23
Q
What kind of joint is the costovertebral joint?
A
synovial: plane
24
Q
Which ligament supports the head of the talus?
A
spring ligament (aka plantar calcaneonavicular ligament)
25
Name the ligament that limits hyperextension of the knee.
ACL
26
What kind of fibrous joint has a peg-like process that fits into a hole?
gomphosis
27
What type of joint is the humeroulnar joint?
synovial: hinge
28
What kind of joint is the talocrural joint?
synovial: hinge
29
Name the joints where inversion and eversion of the foot occurs.
talocalcaneonavicular joint and talocalcaneal joint
30
What type of joint are the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?
synovial: pivot (aka trochoid)
31
What kind of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint? The inferior tibiofibular joint?
synovial: plane (aka arthroidal, gliding)
amphiarthrosis: syndesmosis
32
Name the ligaments that limit side to side motion of the knee.
collateral ligaments
33
Name two ligaments that stabilize the hip joint anteriorly.
iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments
34
What ligament limits posterior movement of the TMJ?
lateral temperomandibular ligament
35
List three ligaments that stabilize the metacarpal joints.
palmar, collateral, and deep transverse metacarpal ligaments
36
What kind of joint is the hip?
synovial: spheroidal (aka ball and socket)
37
Which band of the ulnar collateral ligament is strongest: anterior, posterior, or oblique? Which is weakest?
anterior band
posterior band
38
Which ligament of the knee is the continuation of the quadriceps tendon?
patellar ligament
39
List five extracapsular ligaments that stabilize the knee joint.
patellar ligament, tibial (or medial) collateral ligament, fibular collateral ligament, oblique popliteal ligament, arcuate popliteal ligament
40
What kind of fibrous joint is found between the radius and the ulna?
synarthrosis: syndesmosis
41
Name the two ligaments that form the capsular ligament of the shoulder.
coracohumeral and glenohumeral ligaments
42
What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?
synovial: bicondylar
43
Name the ligament that keeps the weight of the talus from shearing dependent bones apart.
spring ligament
44
What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?
synovial: saddle (aka sellar)
45
What type of motion is possible at the tarsometatarsal joints?
gliding and rotation
46
Name the bone in the forearm that bears the most weight from the wrist.
radius
47
At what level is the 1st intervertebral disc found?
C2-C3
48
Which ribs articulate with the manubrium?
ribs 1, 2
49
Which joint is most responsible for head rotation?
atlantoaxial
50
What type of joint are the metacarpophalangeal joints?
synovial: condyloid (aka ellipsoidal)
51
Which ligament of the knee extends from the head of the fibula to the back of the knee?
arcuate popliteal ligament
52
Which intra-articular ligament of the knee is loose when the knee is extended and tight when the knee is flexed?
PCL
53
Name four muscles that hold the head of the humerus in place in the glenoid fossa.
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
54
Name the ligaments most likely to be involved in a forced inversion injury of the foot.
anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments and the calcaneofibular ligament
55
Which rib articulates with the manubrium and the first sternal segment?
rib 2
56
What movement does the coracoclavicular ligament restrict?
superior displacement of the head of the humerus
57
What limits the amount of movement at a zygapophyseal joint?
shape of the articular surfaces and size of adjacent vertebral discs
58
Do intermetacarpal joints have fibrous capsules?
only the medial three have fibrous capsules
59
What suture separates the frontal bone from the parietal bone?
coronal suture
60
What type of joint motion occurs at proximal radioulnar joint?
rotation of the radius
61
What type of motion is possible at the pubic symphysis joint?
small amount of compression/separation and superior inferior glide
62
What type of motion is possible at the zygapophyseal joints?
gliding motion
63
Where does the glenohumeral ligament attach? What portion of the glenohumeral joint does it strengthen?
runs from the glenoid labrum to the neck of the humerus
strengthens the anterior articular capsule
64
What kind of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
synovial: plane
65
Name the main stabilizing ligament of the acromial head of the clavicle.
coracoclavicular ligament
66
Name the structures that provide the most stability to the glenohumeral joint.
rotator cuff tendons
67
What type of motion is possible at the sacroiliac joint?
small amounts of gliding and rotation
68
Where does the inferior transverse (aka tibiofibular) ligament attach?
medial malleolus of the tibia and lateral malleolus of the fibula
runs posterior to the joint
69
Name the ligament that stabilizes the medial side of the ankle joint.
deltoid ligament
70
Name the ligament that prevents the ulna from touching the wrist joint.
articular disc
71
Where does the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist attach?
triquetrum and styloid process of the ulna
72
Where does the palmar radiocarpal ligament of the wrist insert?
scaphoid, lunate, and triangular bones (and sometimes capitate)
73
Do metacarpophalangeal joints have fibrous capsules?
yes
74
Name the talofibular ligament least likely to tear.
posterior talofibular ligament
75
Name the ligaments that stabilize the lateral side of the talocrural joint.
anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments and the calcaneofibular ligament
76
What type of joint are the carpometacarpal joints?
synovial: plane (aka arthroidal, gliding)
77
List the four bones that articulate in the hip joint.
head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum (ilium, ischium, and pubis)
78
Which ligament of the knee runs from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle and superior tibia?
tibial collateral ligament
79
Where do the radial collateral ligaments attach?
lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the annular ligament of the radius
80
Which two ligaments make up the coracoclavicular ligament?
trapezoid (horizontal) ligament and conoid (vertical) ligament
81
What type of joint motion is possible at the distal radioulnar joint?
radius may move anterior-posterior and medial-lateral
82
What is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament?
attaches coracoid process to the clavicle
holds scapula in place
83
Name the structure associated with clergymans knee.
subQ infrapatellar bursa
84
Name the articular surfaces of the atlantooccipital joint.
inferior facets of the lateral masses of C1 and superior facets of C2
also between dens of C2 and anterior arch of atlas
85
Name the structure associated with housemaid's knee.
subQ prepatellar bursa
86
Where is the popliteus bursa located?
in the synovial membrane between the popliteal tendon and the lateral condyle of the tibia
87
Which articular surfaces make up the humeroradial joint?
capitulum of the humerus with the head of the radius
88
Name the ligament that prevents full rotation of the head.
alar ligament
89
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
synovial: ball and socket (aka spheroidal)
90
Which muscles stabilize the knee?
quadriceps femoris (vastus lateralis and vastus medialis are particularly important)
91
What type of joint is the zygapophyseal joint?
synovial: plane
92
List the articulations between a vertebra and a typical rib.
head of the rib with superior vertebrae
head of the rib with inferior vertebrae
tubercle of the neck of the rib with transverse process of vertebrae
93
Name the ligament of the elbow that the ulnar nerve passes through.
ulnar collateral ligament
94
What movements of the foot are supported by the talocalcaneal (aka subtalar) joint?
dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, rotation, inversion, and eversion
95
Where does the ACL run?
from the anterior intercondylar region of the tibia to the lateral condyle of the femur inside the knee capsule (but outside the synovial cavity)
96
What name is given to the central portion of an intervertebral disc?
nucleus pulposus
97
Which intra-articular ligament of the knee is loose when the knee is flexed and tight when the knee is extended?
ACL
98
Which ligament of the knee runs from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula?
fibular collateral ligament
99
Which ligament of the knee is the continuation of the semimembranous tendon?
oblique popliteal ligament
100
What kind of joint is a costosternal joint?
synovial: plane
101
Name the ligament that prevents posterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur.
PCL
102
Which portion of the TMJ allows for depression and elevation (opening and closing)?
inferior compartment
103
Does the zygapophyseal joint have a joint capsule?
yes, loose articular capsule
104
List six kinds of synovial joints (aka diarthroses).
planar (gliding), hinge, condylar (ellipsoidal), spheroidal (ball and socket), trochoid (pivot), sellar (saddle)
105
Which ligaments provide support to the interphalangeal joints?
each joint has a volar ligament and two collateral ligaments
106
What type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal joint?
synovial: condyloid (ellipsoidal)
107
What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?
synovial: hinge
108
Name the ligaments that join the tips of the vertebral spines.
supraspinous ligaments
109
What type of joint is the sternocostal joint of rib 1?
synarthrosis: synchondrosis
110
Which articulations are present in the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?
distal radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint articulates with the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones
111
What motion does the atlantooccipital joint provide?
flexion and extension of the head
112
What type of joint is a cranial suture?
synarthrosis
113
Do the sternocostal joints have articular capsules?
yes
114
What kind of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?
synovial: condylar (ellipsoidal)
115
What kind of joint is the atlantoaxial joint?
synovial: trochoid (pivot)
116
What kind of synarthosis joint has opposing surfaces that are relatively far apart and are united by a ligament?
syndesmosis
117
Which ribs articulate with the sternum?
ribs 1-7
118
In what position is the ankle joint least stable (and most susceptible to injury)?
plantar flexion
119
Name the ligaments that span between vertebral spines.
interspinous ligaments
120
List the seven ligaments of the ankle (talocrural) joint.
lateral: anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular
medial: tibionavicular, anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal
121
What kind of joint is found between the 1st rib and the sternum?
synarthosis: synchondrosis
122
What penetrates the atlantooccipital membrane?
veterbral artery and 1st cervical nerve
123
Name the ligament that holds the head of the radius in position in the proximal radioulnar joint.
annular ligament
124
What is the action permitted by the acromioclavicular joint?
abduction of the humerus
125
Where do the ulnar collateral ligaments attach?
medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process and the olecranon of the ulna
126
What type of joint is the sternocostal joint for ribs 2-7?
synovial: plane (gliding)
127
Where does the PCL run?
From the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur inside the knee capsule (but outside the synovial cavity)
128
Name two ligaments that stabilize the hip joint posteriorly.
iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligametns
129
What is another name for the ligament of the head of the femur?
ligamentum teres
130
What kind of motion is permitted at the AC joint?
gliding
131
List three types of fibrous joints (aka synarthroses).
suture, syndesmosis, and gomphosis
132
What type of joints are found between auditory ossicles?
synovial
133
Name the ligament that creates and maintains the longitudinal arch of the foot.
spring ligament
134
What kind of joint is the AC joint?
synovial: plane (gliding)
135
What type of joint is the TMJ?
synovial: hinge (modified)
136
Which portion of the TMJ allows for protrusion and retrusion (or translation)?
superior compartment
137
What articulations make up the proximal (aka superior) tibiofibular joint?
head of the fibula articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia
138
Identify the two components of the TMJ.
the lower joint compartment is formed by the mandible and the articular disc
the upper joint compartment is formed by the articular disk and the temporal bone
139
What articulation makes up the distal (inferior) tibiofibular joint?
medial surface of the fibula articulates with the inferior end of the tibia
140
What prevents excessive rotation of the atlantooccipital joint and also the amount of side flexion of the head when it is rotated?
alar ligaments
141
Which ribs articulate with the second and third sternal segments?
ribs 3, 4, 5
142
Name the articular surfaces of the zygapophyseal joint.
superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae
143
What kind of joint is the elbow?
synovial: hinge
144
What joint is the only joint between the upper limb and the axial skeleton?
sternoclavicular joint
145
Where does the dorsal radiocarpal ligament insert?
scaphoid, lunate, triangular bones
146
List three kinds of cartilagenous joints (aka amphiarthroses).
synchondrosis (aka primary cartilagenous joint), symphysis and intervertebral disc
147
What kind of joint is the shoulder?
synovial: ball and socket (spheroidal)
148
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
synovial: sellar (saddle)
149
What type of joint is the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint?
synovial: plane (gliding)
150
Do costovertebral joints have articular capsules?
yes
151
What is the name of the fibrocartilagenous extension that surrounds (and deepens) the glenoid fossa?
glenoid labrum
152
Name the ligament that covers the dorsal surface of the inside of the vertebral foramen.
ligamentum flavum
153
What ligament is likely damaged by a superior displacement of the humerus?
acromioclavicular ligament
154
What kind of movement is possible at a costovertebral joint?
slight amount of gliding
155
Which ligament holds the heads of metacarpals 2, 3, 4, and 5 together?
deep transverse metacarpal ligament
156
Where does the radial collateral ligament of the wrist attach?
scaphoid bone and styloid process of the radius
157
What type of motion is possible at the talocalcaneonavicular joint?
gliding and rotation
158
Name the ligament that attaches to the tibial tuberosity.
patellar ligament
159
List three ligaments that support the tarsometatarsal joints.
plantar, dorsal, and interosseous
160
Which intra-articular ligament of the knee prevents anterior displacement of the femur relative to the tibia?
PCL
161
What limb movement is made possible at the distal radioulnar joint?
pronation and supination
162
What type of joint are the intercarpal joints?
synovial: plane (gliding)
163
Name the three carpal bones that articulate with the radius to form the radiocarpal joint.
scaphoid, lunate, triquetral
164
What kind of joint is the pubic symphysis joint?
amphiarthrosis: symphysis
165
What articulations are present in the knee joint?
lateral and medial tibial condyles of the femur articulate with the tibia
166
What type of joint is the humeroradial joint?
synovial: plane (gliding)
167
What limb movements are made possible by the proximal radioulnar joint?
pronation and supination
168
Name the ligament that stabilizes the dens in a ventral position.
cruciform ligament
169
Where does the posterior tibiofibular ligament attach?
posterior head of the fibula and the posterolateral condyle of the tibia
170
What kind of joint is the metacarpal joint?
synovial: plane (gliding)
171
Identify the bones joined by the spring ligament.
calcaneus and navicular (medial side of the foot)
172
What type of joint is the atlantooccipital joint?
synovial: condyloid
173
List three bursa that protect the knee joint.
suprapatellar bursa, prepatellar bursa, infrapatellar bursa
174
List five bursa of the elbow joint.
intratendinous, subtendinous, subQ olecranon bursae, radioulnar bursa, and bicipitoradial bursa
175
Does the atlantooccipital joint have a joint capsule?
no
