Articles (Oleic Acid, CLA, Nutragenomics, Pro/Prebiotics, microbiome)

Question 1

reduced risk of coronary HD

Answer 1

oleic acid

Question 2

best source of oleic acid

Answer 2

olive oil

Question 3

what might benefit digestive diseases by lowering gastric acid secretion?

Answer 3

oleic acid

Question 4

What can moderate the postprandial hyperactivity of B-cells?

Answer 4

oleic acid

Question 5

What is responsible for the hypotensive effects of olive oil?

Answer 5

oleic acid

Question 6

pimary isomer of CLA from beef

Answer 6

cis-9, trans-11

Question 7

main interest involving CLA

Answer 7

obesity

Question 8

What supp increases palmitoyl transferase-l and uncoupling protein 3 in skeletal m.?

Answer 8

CLA

Question 9

what might be an anti-breast caner component of milk?

Answer 9

CLA

Question 10

CLA’s benefit to bone health involves interaction with what?

Answer 10

calcium

Question 11

What can improve antibody production following hep B vaccination?

Answer 11

CLA supp

Question 12

one potential adverse effect of CLA?

Answer 12

increased oxidative markers

Question 13

hemochromatosis gene

Answer 13

HFE

Question 14

5-methyltetrahydrofolate

Answer 14

MTHFR

Question 15

MTHFR TT genotype

Answer 15

NTD’s

Question 16

MTHFR AA genotype

Answer 16

higher angiotensinogen and HTN

- more responsive to DASH diet

Question 17

different responses to meds according to genotype

Answer 17

pharmacogenetics

Question 18

affects genetic performance most

Answer 18

malnutrition in 1st and last trimester

Question 19

what can compensate for dysfunctional/absent genes

Answer 19

some nutrients, such as folic acid

Question 20

what accounts for 95% of caffeine metabolism?

Answer 20

cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) in the liver

Question 21

what initiates the breakdown of homocysteine?

Answer 21

methylene hydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)

Question 22

do nutrigenetic tests diagnose disease?

Answer 22

NO

Question 23

“forgotten organ”

Answer 23

microbiome

Question 24

microbiome synthesizes what vitamines?

Answer 24

K and B

Question 25

Bile acid signaling through farnesoid X receptor (FXR) results in?

Answer 25

- reduction of triglycerides, cholesterol, and fatty acids | - improvement of glucose metabolism and hepatoprotection

Question 26

BA signaling to TGR-5

Answer 26

immune modulatioin and energy metabolism

Question 27

3 bacterial communities

Answer 27

Bacterioides, prevotella, or ruminococcus

Question 28

bacterioides-dominated

Answer 28

diet high in fat

Question 29

provetella-dominated

Answer 29

diet high in carbs

Question 30

ruminococcus-dominated

Answer 30

mucins

Question 31

gut dysbiosis and impaired microbiota enzyme activity is seen in

Answer 31

IBD and IBS

Question 32

gut microbiota of formula fed babies was low in?

Answer 32

bifidobacteria

Question 33

nutritionally, what are the significant microbial species?

Answer 33

strains classified as lactic acid bacteria

Question 34

two most commercially important strains?

Answer 34

streptococcus thermophilus and lactococcus lactis

Question 35

the 4 desriable probiotic properties?

Answer 35

1. acid and bile tolerance 2. adhesion to mucosal/epithelial surfaces 3. antimicrobial 4. bile sale hydrolase activity

Question 36

largest sales of probiotic foods

Answer 36

yogurt

Question 37

severe form of antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Answer 37

``` pseudomembranous colitis (caused by C. diff) - treated with L rhamnosus and S. boulardii ```

Question 38

most common cause of acute infantile diarrhea?

Answer 38

rotavirus

Question 39

lactose intolerance

Answer 39

beta-galactosidase df (genetic)

Question 40

pelvic radiotherapy damaging the mucosa may cause?

Answer 40

acquired beta-galactosidase df