Articular Skeleton Test Flashcards
(45 cards)
Range of motion (ROM) is the specific flexibility or limitation of a joint based on ______ and ________. Injury and disease processes can alter ROM.
Shape/ ligaments
Fixed/ immovable joint
no movement, either completely fused or has small amount fibrous tissue in between.
Fixed/ immovable joint examples
Sutures, teeth
semi-movable joint
Minimal movement, some stretch and bend only.
semi-movable joint examples
Intervertebral disc, synthesis pubis
Synovial joint
fully movable, encased in capsule with synovial fluid inside, hyaline cartilage at ends of bones.
Synovial joint examples
Knee, elbow, hip, etc.
Bursae
sacs filled with synovial fluid that cushion areas between bones and skin, muscles or tendons.
Bursae inflammation name
Bursitis
Types of synovial joints
- Ball-and-socket
- Hinge
- Condyloid
- Saddle
- Pivot
- Gliding
Ball-and-socket
all directions; hip and shoulder
Hinge
one direction; elbow, knee, phalanges
Condyloid
all directions except rotation; ankle, wrist, digits
Saddle
only at thumb metacarpal to carpal joint
Pivot
turn on single axis; head, radius at proximal ulna
Gliding
smooth back and forth motion; vertebrae
Flexion
Decrease the angle between bones.
Extension
Increase the angle between bones.
Hyperextention
Goes past anatomical position.
Hyperextention
Goes past anatomical position.
Abduction
Movement away from midline.
Adduction
Movement towards midline.
Rotation
Circular movement on one axis.
Circumduction
Circular movement creating a “cone” shape, circumscribes circle at distal end.
