Articulatory Phonetics Flashcards
(68 cards)
1
Q
lungs
A
generate airflow
2
Q
trachea
A
windpipe that transports air
3
Q
larynx
A
generation of phonemes and holds vocal folds
4
Q
pharynx
A
throat
5
Q
oral tract
A
mouth
6
Q
nasal tract
A
nose
7
Q
filter
A
manipulation of source characteristics
8
Q
larynx is located ______
A
at the bottom of the pharynx
9
Q
the vocal folds apart when …
A
- breathing
- production of /f s/
- air travels through without obstruction
10
Q
the focal folds tightly closed when …
A
- eating
- no air passes through
- production of /k t p/
11
Q
the vocal cords are approximated when …
A
- humming
- vowel production
- airstream from lungs causes
12
Q
space between vocal cords is the
A
glottis
13
Q
lips produce
A
labial sounds
14
Q
teeth used for
A
dental and labio dental sounds
15
Q
alveolar ridge
A
alveolar sounds
16
Q
palate
A
palatal sounds
17
Q
velum
A
oral and nasal sounds
18
Q
uvula
A
uvular sounds
19
Q
pharynx
A
pharyngeal sounds
20
Q
lower articulators
A
- lower lip
- lower teeth
- jaw
- tongue
21
Q
part of the tongue
A
- tongue tip
- tongue blade
- tongue body
- tongue root
22
Q
tongue tip sounds called
A
apical sounds
23
Q
tongue blade sounds called
A
laminal sounds
24
Q
tongue root sounds called
A
radical sounds
25
active articulators
articulators that move
26
passive articulators
stationary articulators
27
lower lip active or passive?
active
28
upper lip active of passive?
passive
29
articulation of vowels
oral cavity is relatively open and vocal folds are vibrating
30
articulation of consonants
oral or nasal cavity obstructed
| vocal folds can be vibrating or not
31
bilabial
lips
32
labiodental
lower lip and upper teeth
33
dental
tongue tip and teeth
34
alveolar
tongue tip and alveolar
35
postalveolar
tongue tip and back alveolar
36
palatal
tongue front and hard palate
37
velar
tongue back and velum
38
glottal
glottis
39
plosives / stops
- articulators are constricted
- airflow is completely blocked
- air suddenly released
- can be voiced or voiceless
40
nasal
- vocal tract blocked
| - nasals are always voiced
41
fricative
- one articulator comes very close to another
- narrow constriction formed
- noisy turbulence of the air
42
affricate
- combination of stop and fricative
| - always postalveolar
43
approximant
one articulator comes close to another without creating friction
44
alcohol impact on speech
- slurrs speech
| - due to the change in input to the speech processing motor plan
45
obstruents
plosives, affricates, and fricatives
46
approximants can be broken into
liquids and glide
47
coronals
produced with the tongue tip or tongue blade
48
dorsal
produced with tongue dorsum
49
gutturals
produced in the pharynx and by the larynx
50
labials
produced with lips
51
3 articulatory dimensions of vowel articulation
frontness
height
lip rounding
52
how can you compensate for lip rounding
moving your tongue farther back and higher up to produce the exact same acoustic output
53
what symbol is NEVER stressed
schwa
54
cardinal vowels
- a measuring system
- 8 primary
- 10 secondary
55
primary cardinal vowels
/ i e ɛ a ɑ ɔ o u /
56
formants
the connection between articulation and acoustic output
| acoustic resonances of the vocal tract
57
currently, there are _______-______ languages
6000-7000
58
in English ɹ is often produced as
retroflex [ɻ]
59
retroflex
take tongue tip and twist it up
60
trill
one articulator held close to another so that airflow between them causes vibration
61
____ different vowel qualities exist
11
62
secondary articulation
second constriction that is not as prominent than the primary articulation
63
primary articulation
2 restrictions equally prominent [w]
64
_ʷ
labialization
65
_ʲ
- palatalization
| - secondary constriction with tongue body at the back of the palate
66
_ˠ
| raising tongue root towards velum
velarization
| raising back of the tongue towards velum
67
_ˤ
pharyngealization
| retraction of tongue root towards the back wall of the pharynx
68
pulmonic airstream
the outward flow of air from the lungs
