As 1 Dement And Kleitmen Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is stage 1 of sleep characterized by?
Relaxed wakefulness, less desynchronized brain activity, easy to awaken, sensation of falling may cause hypnic myoclonia
Hypnic myoclonia is a sudden muscle contraction that can occur when falling asleep.
What occurs during stage 2 of sleep?
Synchronized brain activity, reduced muscle tension, slowed heart rate, decreased body temperature
Stage 2 represents a deeper sleep compared to stage 1.
What are the characteristics of stage 3 sleep?
Deep, slow brain waves (Delta waves), transitional period between light and deep sleep, continued slowing of heart and breathing rates
What defines stage 4 sleep?
Very deep sleep, hard to awaken, synchronized brain activity, reduced muscle activity, occurrence of night terrors and sleepwalking
What happens during stage 5 sleep (REM)?
Rapid eye movement, irregular breathing, relaxed muscles, increased heart rate, blood pressure rises, strongly associated with dreaming
True or False: Sleep progresses through the stages in a strict sequence.
False
Sleep begins at stage 1, then progresses through stages 2, 3, and 4, before returning to stage 2 and entering REM sleep.
What are the two types of dream content?
- Manifest dream content
- Latent dream content
According to the Cognitive Problem Solving model, what are dreams considered to be?
A type of thinking
What is the primary aim of the study?
To investigate the relationship between eye movements and dreaming
What is the hypothesis regarding REM sleep and dreaming?
There will be a statistically significant association between REM sleep and dreaming
Fill in the blank: The length of REM and the length of dreaming will have a ______.
positive correlation
What are the independent and dependent variables for Hypothesis 1?
IV: REM and NREM sleep; DV: Number of recalled dreams from each participant
What type of study is being conducted?
Experimental study using self-reports as data collection methods
What sampling technique was used for participant selection?
Opportunistic sampling
What apparatus was used in the sleep study?
- Bed
- Electrodes connected to the EEG
- Bell
- Tape recorder
What was one of the controls for the study?
Participants were asked to avoid caffeine and alcohol on the day of the study
What is the design of the experiment?
Repeated measures design
What types of data were collected in the study?
- Quantitative data (instances of dream recall, dream length estimations)
- Qualitative data (descriptions of dreams)
How many participants were involved in the study?
9 participants (7 males, 2 females)
What was the total number of dream recalls during REM sleep according to the results?
152
What conclusion was reached regarding the hypotheses?
All hypotheses were proven true; dreams are more likely to occur in REM sleep, length of dream and REM are positively correlated, and dream content and eye movements are highly related.
