ASD - child Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the two core diagnostic features of ASD in DSM-5?
Deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted, repetitive behaviours, interests, and activities (RRBs).
What theory explains the social and communication deficits in ASD?
Theory of Mind (ToM) – difficulty understanding others’ mental states.
What are examples of restricted behaviours in ASD?
Hand flapping, insistence on sameness, fixations on spinning objects.
What are common early signs of ASD in preschoolers?
Delayed speech, lack of pretend play, poor eye contact, repetitive behaviours.
What is the role of Early Intensive Behavioural Intervention (EIBI)?
To improve language, communication, and adaptive behaviours through structured, individualized training.
Name two therapies with limited evidence in ASD management.
Sensory integration therapy, dietary supplements.
What gene is commonly mutated in Rett Syndrome?
MeCP2 gene on the X chromosome.
Which population is primarily affected by Rett Syndrome?
Almost exclusively females.
What is a hallmark sign of motor regression in Rett Syndrome?
Loss of purposeful hand movements, replaced by hand-wringing or hand-clapping.
At what age does regression usually begin in Rett Syndrome?
Between 6 and 24 months.
Name common features of Rett Syndrome besides motor regression.
Ataxia, language loss, cognitive impairment, psychomotor retardation.
How does Asperger syndrome differ from classic autism?
No cognitive or language delay; normal or high intelligence.
Is Asperger syndrome included in DSM-5?
No, it is merged into Autism Spectrum Disorder in DSM-5.
What type of speech is common in Asperger syndrome?
Formal, stilted speech with poor social pragmatics.
What are common difficulties faced by individuals with Asperger syndrome?
Social awkwardness, narrow interests, motor clumsiness, sensory sensitivities.
What comorbidities are common in Asperger syndrome during adolescence?
Anxiety, depression, and emotional regulation problems.
