Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Question 1

The process by which a single organism genetically produces offspring

Answer 1

Asexual Reproduction

Question 2

Most common in single cell organisms like bacteria, but can be found in more complex organisms as well

Answer 2

Asexual Reproduction

Question 3

Defined as the formation of new individuals from the cell of a single parent

Answer 3

Asexual Reproduction

Question 4

What are the 6 benefits of Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 4

• Rapid population
• Requires less energy to reproduce
• All organisms are capable of reproduction
• One organism can make a whole population
• Less likely to become extinct
• Each offspring is a genetic copy of the parent

Question 5

What is the primary disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 5

No genetic diversity

Question 6

Means that a population is genetically identical organisms are more susceptible to disease and can’t adapt easily to a changing environment

Answer 6

No genetic diversity

Question 7

What are the six types of Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 7

1. Binary Fission
2. Budding
3. Regeneration
4. Vegetative Propagation
5. Fragmentation
6. Parthenogenesis

Question 8

Type of asexual reproduction in which one parent splits into two offsprings

Answer 8

Binary Fission

Question 9

Type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows off a parent

Answer 9

Budding

Question 10

Type of asexual reproduction in which an organism can regrow a lost limb or can grow a whole other organism on a cut piece

Answer 10

Regeneration

Question 11

Type of asexual reproduction in which a new plant grows off an existing part of an old plant

Answer 11

Vegetative Propagation

Question 12

Type of asexual reproduction in which a single parent breaks into parts or fragments that give rise to new individuals

Answer 12

Fragmentation

Question 13

Natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization by sperm

Answer 13

Parthenogenesis

Question 14

Type of reproduction that requires two organisms

Answer 14

Sexual Reproduction

Question 15

Type of reproduction in which each organism has specialized sex cells called gametes

Answer 15

Sexual Reproduction

Question 16

Specialized sex cells in each organism

Answer 16

Gametes

Question 17

How many chromosomes do each gamete contribute?

Answer 17

23 chromosomes

Question 18

How many chromosomes does the zygote contain?

Answer 18

46 chromosomes

Question 19

Type of reproduction that happens when the two sex cells fuse together to create a new and genetically different offspring

Answer 19

Sexual Reproduction

Question 20

What are the 5 advantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 20

1. Allow for more genetic diversity in the offspring
2. More adaptability— bigger chance to adapt genes
3. More variation
4. Greater chance of mutation
5. Greater chance of survivability

Question 21

What are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 21

• Requires two individuals with opposing gametes
• Organisms must use a lot of energy nourishing and growing a new baby organism

Question 22

The biological process by which new
individual organisms – “offspring” – are produced from their “parents”.

Answer 22

Reproduction/procreation/breeding

Question 23

What are sex cells in sexual reproduction called?

Answer 23

Gametes

Question 24

Where are sex cells in sexual reproduction produced?

Answer 24

In the gonads

Question 25

Male gametes

Answer 25

sperm

Question 26

Female gametes

Answer 26

eggs

Question 27

is the process of joining the haploid gametes (sex cells) to form a diploid cell called a zygote

Answer 27

Sexual reproduction

Question 28

fusion of the egg cell and sperm cell does not occur, reproduction is mainly through mitosis which creates a clone of the parent. The organisms produced by asexual reproduction are less diverse in nature.

Answer 28

Asexual reproduction

Question 29

a mechanism that produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

Answer 29

asexual reproduction

Question 30

a form of reproduction in which cells containing genetic material from two individuals combines to produce genetically unique offspring

Answer 30

Sexual reproduction

Question 31

the state of having both male and female reproductive structures within the same individual

Answer 31

hermaphroditism

Question 32

the fertilization of eggs by sperm inside the body of the femal

Answer 32

internal fertilization

Question 33

a process by which fertilized eggs are laid outside the female’s body and develop there, receiving nourishment from the yolk that is a part of the egg

Answer 33

oviparity

Question 34

a process by which fertilized eggs are retained within the female; the embryo obtains its nourishment from the egg’s yolk, and the young are fully developed -when they are hatched

Answer 34

ovoviparity

Question 35

a form of asexual reproduction in which an egg develops into a complete individual without being fertilized

Answer 35

parthenogenesis

Question 36

the mechanism by which the sex of individuals in sexually reproducing organisms is initially established

Answer 36

sex determination

Question 37

a process in which the young develop within the female and are born in a nonembryonic state

Answer 37

viviparity

Question 38

Offspring grows from a piece of its parent through mitosis

Answer 38

regeneration

Question 39

Bud grows from the body of parent organism through mitosis

Answer 39

budding

Question 40

regeneration ex.

Answer 40

starfish

Question 41

budding ex.

Answer 41

- hydra - cactus - yeast

Question 42

Cell Division through mitosis

Answer 42

binary fission