Assessment 2 (Revision) Flashcards
1
Q
What are the meanings of each signal identification plate in the picture?
A
- Controlled signal
- Automatic signal
- Semi-automatic signal
- Intermediate block signal
- Distant signal
- Outer distant signal
- Banner repeating signal
- Three state (or Tri state) banner repeating signal
- Co-acting signal
2
Q
What is a banner repeating signal?
A
Banner repeating signals are provided on approach to signals which have restricted sighting time, to give drivers advance information of the signal aspect.
3
Q
What is a co-acting signal?
A
Co-acting signals are used when a signal is difficult for the driver to see due to an obstruction. It will show the same aspect as the main aspect signal, but is placed in a location (normally opposite the main aspect signal) that’s easier for drivers to see.
4
Q
What is the position of each junction indicator, and what route does each junction indicator signal? (Use the image below).
A
A. 1 & first route to the left
B. 4 & first route to the right
C. 2 & second route to the left
D. 5 & second route to the right
E. 3 & third route to the left
F. 6 & third route to the right
5
Q
What does a flashing yellow aspect mean?
A
The route, at a junction ahead, is set, and that diverging route is at a lower speed than that of the straight route.
6
Q
What is a route indicator?
A
An indicator, at the signal, which will display either a letter or number to show the route onto which the movement is being signalled.
7
Q
What indications will a semaphore stop signal display for:
- Danger
- Clear
A
- Danger
Indication by day: arm horizontal
Indication by night: red light - Clear
Indication by day: arm raised or lowered 45°
Indication by night: green light
8
Q
When a semaphore subsidiary signal is cleared, what does it authorise the driver to do?
A
Pass the main signal at danger, but proceed at caution towards the next train, signal or buffer stop, and be prepared to stop short of any obstruction.
9
Q
At some locations, a semaphore subsidiary signal will show an indicator displaying either the letter ‘C’ or ‘S’. What do these indications mean?
A
C. Calling-on
Authorises the driver to proceed at caution towards the next train, signal or buffer stop, and be prepared to stop short of any obstruction.
S. Shunt-ahead
Authorises the driver to proceed for shunting purposes only.
10
Q
Under what circumstances can a passenger train proceed on a position light signal, and what aspect must the signal display?
A
When the position light is on a running line, the main aspect signal in rear is cleared to proceed, and the position light is showing two white lights at 45°, it becomes a running position light (and a route proven signal) allowing the driver to proceed beyond the signal.
11
Q
When can a driver proceed past a stop board?
A
- The instructions on the stop board have been carried out.
- Permission to do so has been given by the authorised person (I.e., depot driver, yard controller or shunter).
12
Q
How far beyond certain signals are SPAD indicators normally positioned?
A
50 metres
13
Q
What are each of these signs called and what do they mean?
A
A. Limited clearance sign
There is no position of safety on this side of the railway for the length of the structure. It is not safe to enter or stand at that location when a train is approaching.
B. No refuges warning sign
There is no position of safety on this side of the railway for the length of the structure. However, there are positions of safety, or refuges, on the opposite side of the railway line.
C. Prohibition Sign
Staff must not pass beyond this sign while trains are running unless carrying out emergency protection. This is because it would not be possible to reach a position of safety or refuge safely. Extreme care is necessary if carrying out emergency protection.
14
Q
What does it mean when a signal post telephone has a yellow or white diamond with the letter X, or a yellow roundel, and when can it be used?
A
The signal post telephone is not in a position of safety.
It may only be used to contact the signaller:
- In an emergency
- If told that the adjacent line has been blocked.
15
Q
What does it mean when a signal post telephone has a limited clearance warning sign, and when can it be used?
A
A train driver may use the signal post telephone because it is in a position of safety in relation to the adjacent line and protection is provided by the presence of the train.
The telephone may only be used by other staff to contact the signaller:
- In an emergency
- If told that the line to which it applies has been blocked.
16
Q
What are these signs called, and what do they inform the driver of?
A
Countdown markers.
They inform the driver of the distance between the sign and the signal concerned.
- Three marks - distance to signal normally 300m.
- Two marks - distance to signal normally 200m.
- One mark - distance to signal normally 100m.
17
Q
What are these signs called, and what do they inform the driver of?
A
Sandite markers
Inform the driver of sites where Sandite should be applied.
- Three marks - advance warning of Sandite application site.
- Two marks - start applying Sandite.
- One mark - stop applying Sandite.
18
Q
What is the definition of ‘On or near the line’?
A
You are on or near the line if you are:
- within 3 metres (10 feet) of a line and there is not a permanent structure between you and the line.
- on the line itself
19
Q
What is the minimum distance required to be in a position of safety if:
- The maximum speed of the line is 100 mph or less?
- The maximum speed of the line is over 100 mph?
A
- 1.25 metres (4 feet) from the nearest line.
- 2 metres (6 feet 6 inches) from the nearest line.
20
Q
What must you know before going on or near the line?
A
- Maximum speed of each line
- Direction of travel of each line
- Locations with limited clearance
- Location of any area you must not enter while trains are running.
21
Q
What methods should be used to show a hand danger signal to stop a train in an emergency?
A
During daylight:
* You must show a red flag.
* If you do not have a red flag, raise both arms above your head.
* If you are riding on a vehicle, raise one arm held out horizontally.
During darkness or in poor visibility:
* You must show a red light to the driver, or
* Wave any light violently
22
Q
What must you do after a train accident (i.e., a derailment, collision with an obstruction, etc.)?
A
- You must immediately switch on the hazard warning indication where provided. If you cannot do this, you must display a red light forward.
- You must inform the signaller about the accident, and advise whether the power to the traction unit needs to be switched off. You must then check:
- if any other lines are obstructed, and decide the quickest way to stop any approaching trains
- the exact location of your train.
- When the signaller tells you that signal protection has been provided, you must place a track-circuit operating clip on:
- every other line that is obstructed, and
- the line on which your train is standing if the whole train has been derailed.
- If the signaller cannot provide signal protection, or you have not been able to contact the signaller, you must carry out emergency protection.
23
Q
What are the steps you must take when making an emergency call to the signaller?
A
- Say “This is an emergency call”
- Confirm you are speaking to the correct signaller.
- State who you are (drive of ‘train headcode’)
- State where you are speaking from.
- Provide exact location and details of the accident including which lines:
- are definitely blocked, and
- the lines you think could be blocked
- If you think power to the traction unit needs to be switched off.
- Advise which emergency services are needed.
- If necessary, let the signaller know how you can be contacted.
- Repeat back all instructions given so that the signaller knows you correctly understand.
24
Q
What are you responsible for when reporting for duty?
A
- Report at the right time
- Report at the right location (allocated booking point or other agreed location)
- Being fit for duty (well rested, free from drugs and alcohol and in uniform)
- In possession of the right equipment (all equipment present and in working order)
25
What must you do in the following situations?
* If you are unable to attend work for any reason
* If you are late for your rostered turn
* If you are taking medication which may affect your ability to carry out your duties
* If you are not in possession of any equipment or publications
Inform the Duty Traincrew Manager (DTM) or Driver Manager immediately.
26
What information does the Traincrew Information Monitor display?
1. Emergency speed restrictions (located between Ilford and Bow Junction)
2. Weather forecast
3. Safety of the line notices
* Emergency single line working
* Temporary block emergency special working
* Blanket speed restrictions
27
What sections are include within the Weekly Operating Notice (WON)?
Section A: Temporary speed restrictions
Section B: Engineering works
Section C: Signalling and permanent way alterations
Section D: General instructions
* Safety notices
28
What does the Periodical Operating Notice (PON) contain?
Alterations to permanent publications.
29
What must you do at the end of your duty, prior to going home?
* Check the roster to confirm your next turn
* Complete and hand in any reports
30
If a signal reverts to danger in front of you, what must you do?
* Stop your train immediately and report the incident to the signaller
* You may be required to complete paperwork (RT3185 form)
* If you feel you are not in a fit state to continue to drive, report circumstances to signaller and control.
31
If you are involved in a near miss incident whilst driving, what must you do, and what steps are involved?
* Report the incident immediately to the signaller, stopping the train specially if necessary.
* Confirm to the signaller whether you are okay to continue driving. If not, relief will be arranged.
* A Driver Manager (DM) will see you at the earliest opportunity to check that you are okay and obtain more details regarding the incident.
* As soon as possible, submit all details as a report to assist in the investigation.
32
What steps will be taken if you are involved in a fatality while driving a train?
* You will be relieved of your duty and arrangements made to get you home.
* Your Driver Manager (DM) will contact you within 3 days to ascertain your welfare.
* Reports and witness statements will need to be completed as soon as you feel ready. (You may have to give a statement at the scene, if required by the BTP).
* Counselling service will be made available to you. (This can be used by contacting your driver management team).
* Your Driver Manager (DM) will support your return to workplace (I.e., cab ride over the area on return to work, etc.)
* Contact will continue when you return to driving to ensure your welfare
* You may have to attend coroners court to give your witness testimony.
33
What does CIRAS stand for and what is it?
* Confidential Incident Reporting and Analysis System
* A system which allows frontline railway staff to report safety concerns that they feel unable to report through normal company channels.
34
What are drivers responsible for?
* Safe working of the train
* Carrying out train preparation (where it is their responsibility)
* If a train accident or failure occurs, carrying out the duties laid down in the rule book.
* The safety of passengers on the train.
During a journey:
* Ensuring the train runs on time, as far as reasonable.
* Providing customers with service and safety information.
* Completing any reports that may be required.
* Investigating and rectifying any train faults that may occur.
* Safe passage of train and passengers.
* Observing and complying with all signals and speed restrictions.
This is not an exhaustive list.
35
What must be checked when preparing a train?
* Train safety systems are working correctly.
* No train components are isolated.
* All emergency equipment is present.
* General check of the overall condition of the train.
* Train is safe to enter service.
* Report any faults as per company procedure.
* No offensive graffiti.
* All vehicles are properly coupled.
* All doors are properly closed.
* The load / formation meet the relevant rules and instructions.
36
If a train has a 'Not To Be Moved Board' attached to it, what is it not permitted to do?
* Start a journey
* Be moved
* Have another vehicle make contact with it
* Have the controls interfered with.
37
Name a classification of train for each of the following classes.
* Class 1
* Class 2
* Class 3
* Class 5
* Class 9
* Class 1: Express passenger train, traction unit going to assist a failed train
* Class 2: Ordinary passenger train
* Class 3: Empty coaching stock, if specially authorised
* Class 5: Empty coaching stock
* Class 9: Other passenger train, if specially authorised
38
What is the headcode for a traction unit that is going to assist a failed train?
1Z99
39
When must a trains headlights, marker lights and tail lights be switched on or off?
Headlights must be switched on when the train is:
* moving on a running line, and the correct day/night beam must be used
Headlights must be switched off when the train is:
* in a depot, yard or siding
* stabled on a running line
Marker lights must be switched on when the train is:
* on a running line
* moving on any line or in a depot, yard or siding
* being propelled in the right direction
Tail lights must be switched on when the train is:
* on a running line
* on a through reception siding
* being propelled in the right direction
40
What must drivers take into consideration when stopping their train?
* Weather conditions
* Unit formation
* Unit type / braking types
* Gradients
* Railhead conditions
* Weight
* Train defects
41
How do you conduct a running brake test?
* Apply 25% brake force, then 50% brake force, pausing momentarily in each position.
* Check the indicated brake cylinder pressure
* Reduce train speed by at least 10mph
During snow or freezing conditions:
* Incorporate 100% / full service brake application
42
When should running brake applications be carried out?
* First journey in that cab
* When changing formation
* After the train has been stabled for 15 minutes or longer
* If the train has any isolated brakes
* When there is low rail adhesion
During snow or freezing conditions:
* Frequently to ensure the brakes are operating safely
43
Under what circumstances can a passenger train enter a siding?
* Arrangements have been published
* In an emergency and authority has been given by the local manager or signal box supervisor
* Authorised by signaller manager due to infrastructure failure
44
What is a fouling point?
The position on a converging, diverging or crossing line beyond which the encroachment of any part of a train would infringe the required passing clearance for a train on the other line.
45
Before moving a train from a depot, yard or siding, you must ensure it is safe to do so and obtain permission. Who is authorised to permit this movement?
* Signaller
* Yard controller
* Depot driver
* Shunter
46
What reasons could a train be held at signal at danger?
* Due to a build up of traffic
* When required to be routed from one line to another
* When shunting movements are being carried out
* During times of disruption
47
When a train is detained on a running line at a signal set to danger, the driver must contact the signaller as soon as possible. However, if the driver knows the reason for the delay, they may wait for up to how long before contacting the signaller?
Two minutes
48
What information must be shared when a driver is being relieved?
* Length of train (number of coaches)
* Any defects with the train
* Signalling equipment failures
* Degraded working
* Signaller's instructions
* Delay information
* Any other relevant information
49
Under what circumstances can you leave the train, which you a responsible for, at the end of your journey, you must only?
* There is competent person to take charge of it
* It is stabled in a depot, siding or other authorised place
* It is necessary to carry out instructions (contained in the rule book) which requires you to leave the train
50
What warning horn tone must be sounded for each of the below circumstances?
1. Anyone on or near the line
2. Urgent warning to anyone dangerously close
3. When passing a whistle board
4. To give a warning in a depot or siding
5. When making a wrong direction move
6. To sound a local or special code
1. High and low
2. High (short and constant)
3. Low (3 seconds)
4. Low
5. High (short blasts at frequent intervals throughout the entire movement)
6. High
51
What is the meaning of each of the below Bell Buzzer Codes?
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
9.
3-2-1.
3-3.
1. Stop
2. Ready-to-start
3. Set back
4. Slow down
6. Draw forward
9. Police assistance required
3-2-1. Testing doors
3-3. Guard required by driver
52
What is a platform starting signal?
A stop signal located so that one of the following applies:
* If the train (that uses the platform) is stopped at the signal, with part of the train still alongside the platform.
* If the leading end of the train has passed over the AWS magnet for that signal before being dispatched.
53
Before you begin the train dispatch procedure, what must you do?
* Check that the platform starting signal (if there is one) is showing a proceed aspect,
* Make sure you have the signaller's authority to move, or
* Check that an associated OFF indicator is illuminated
54
What is the 'station work complete' or 'train safety check complete' signal?
* one arm or dispatch bat raised above the head during daylight
* holding a white light steadily at night or during poor visibility
* close doors (CD) indicator
55
Once a driver has received the 'station work complete' signal or 'close doors (CD)' indication, what can the driver do?
Close the doors (and where necessary, acknowledge the 'close doors' signal given by the guard)
56
What is the train safety check?
Checking that:
* the train doors are properly closed
* nobody is trapped in the doors (i.e., by their clothing)
* nobody is in contact with the train
* it is safe to start the train
57
What is the 'ready-to-start' signal?
* 2 on the bell/buzzer communication
* green flag waved above the head during daylight
* green light held steadily above the ahead at night or during poor visibility
* right away (RA) indicator
58
Once a driver has received the 'ready-to-start' signal or 'right away (RA)' indication, what must the driver do?
* Check the interlock light is illuminated before starting the train
* Start the train only if safe to do so
59
What is the ordinary dispatch process when dispatching a DO train from an unstaffed platform?
1. Check the platform starting signal is showing a proceed aspect, make sure you have signaller's authority to move or an associated OFF indicator is illuminated.
2. Check the whole length of the train (using in-cab monitors) to make sure it is safe to close the doors.
3. Close the doors.
4. Make sure doors are properly closed (checking interlock light is illuminated)
5. Carry out train safety check (using in-cab monitors).
6. Start the train only if it is safe to do so.
60
On a DOO train, when dispatching at an unstaffed platform, in case of defective in-train monitors, or poor visibility, what must the driver do?
Report the defective equipment to the signaller, fleet and control and then carry out a manual dispatch, which includes;
Step 1: Visually check the entire length of the train (walking the entire length, if the train is longer than 8 cars / 160 metres) to make sure it is safe to close the doors.
Step 2: Close the doors and check interlock light is illuminated.
Step 3: Carry out final check (repeating step 1) to ensure doors are properly close and nobody is; trapped in the doors (i.e., by their clothing), in contact with the train, or stuck in the gap between train and platform.
Step 4: If the platform starting signal is cleared to proceed or the the driver has signaller's authorisation to move, start the train only if it is safe to do so.
61
What is the train dispatch corridor?
* The full length of the train / platform accomodated by the train
* The gap between the train and platform
* At least the height of the train doors
* Corridor up to 1.5 metre width from the train across the platform
62
What details can be found within Drivers Permanent Diagrams?
* Details of the driver's duties on that rostered turn of duty.
* An index explaining the abbreviations and symbols used
They do not include the train stopping pattern.
63
What tells a driver where their train is booked to call?
Driver's Schedule Card (SHEILA)
64
On a Driver's Schedule Card (SHEILA), What to do the following abbreviations mean?
1. PU
2. DP
3. AP
4. Rel.
5. Reld.
6. PASS.
1. YOU prepare unit
2. YOU detach portion
3. YOU attach portion
4. YOU relieve another driver
5. Driver relieves YOU
6. NOT booked to drive
65
In what ways can a driver be given a Special Stop / Not To Call order?
In written form by:
* Conductor
* Station staff
In verbal form by:
* Signaller
* Control
66
What are the reasons a driver might need to complete a Driver's Report?
* Loss of door interlock
* Stop short (whether doors released or not)
* Station overrun
* Emergency brake activation not initiated by the driver (I.e., AWS late to cancel, DSD/DVD activation)
* Station incident
* Passenger alarm activation
* Any other operational incident or event that has caused delay to the train
67
Why should a driver submit a report after experiencing a delay?
* Helps understand the cause and details of the incident
* Makes performance data more accurate
* Enable the company to target performance improvement plans to the areas of concern
* Helps the company to make future targets realistic
* Implement procedures and systems of work to mitigate the incident from occurring again
* Allows Greater Anglia (GA) to reallocate the incident to Network Rail (NR)
* Each minute that can be reallocated to NR can save GA approximately £50
68
What is Track Circuit?
A railway communications system that uses electrical circuits in the running rails to detect the presence or absence of vehicles.
69
What is the definition of the following terms in track circuit block?
1. Signal section
2. Overlap
1. The line between two stop signals, whether or not these are within the control of the same signal box.
2. The distance beyond a stop signal up to which the line must be clear before the previous signal can show a proceed aspect.
70
What is permissive working?
A type of working that allows more than one train at a time to be on the same line in a block section, a signal section or a dead-end platform line.
71
What incidents or issues must be reported using an RT3185 form?
Signal / AWS / TPWS / ERTMS / ATP / TVM failure or irregularity.
72
What are the 7 sections of the RT3185 form?
1. General information
2. Types of failure and location
3. ERTMS failure or irregularity
4. Irregular signal aspect
5. AWS / TPWS / TVM irregularity or failure
6. Report of a TPWS activation
7. Other details to be completed by the driver
73
What are two examples of wrong-side failures?
* Fault code 5
Required indication: Warning
Actual indication: Bell instead of horn
* Fault code 7
Required indication: Warning
Actual indication: None
74
What are two examples of right-side failures?
* Fault code 1
Required indication: Clear
Actual indication: Horn and bell
* Fault code 2
Required indication: Clear
Actual indication: Horn instead of bell
75
What is a NR3190 form?
Emergency Special Working Ticket
76
Label the buttons / indicators on the TPWS panel in the below image.
A. SPAD
B. OVERSPEED
C. AWS
D. TEMPORARY ISOLATION / FAULT
E. TRAIN STOP OVERRIDE
F. BRAKE RELEASE
77
Each button on the TPWS panel has three states. What are they and what do they mean?
Unlit: No brake demand has been initiated
Flashing: A brake demand has been initiated and is awaiting the driver's response
On (Steady): Driver has acknowledged the brake demand by pressing the relevant button
78
What are the steps of the TPWS self-test when the driver’s cab is opened?
1. All the lights on the panel will illuminate
2. The AWS reset button is pressed
3. All the lights will go out if the test is satisfactory and the following audible message is played:
"TPWS and AWS operational"
79
What is TPWS designed to stop?
1. Trains travelling too fast on the approach to:
* signals at danger
* buffer stops
* Permissible speed restrictions fitted with TPWS sensors
2. A train that has passed a signal at danger
80
When are TPWS transmitters energised?
1. Continuously energerised where fitted on the approach to:
* Stop signals
* Buffer stops
* Permissible speed restriction (where speed on approach is 60mph and reduction is at least one third)
2. Sensors fitted in advance of stop signals are only energised when the signal is at danger.
81
The TPWS track equipment consists of TSS and OSS. What do these abbreviations stand for?
* Train stop sensor
* Overspeed sensor
82
At what distance is the OSS sited from a stop signal, and what is the distance between the arming and trigger loops of the OSS?
* 15 - 450 metres
* 6 - 36 metres
83
What is TPWS / OSS +?
Another set of transmitters fitted in the track further back (750 metres) from a signal (normally high-risk) to help ensure a train travelling too fast on the approach will be stopped before the point of conflict.
84
What does the Train Stop Override button do and what is it used for??
Where authorised, it allows a driver to pass a signal at danger.
Once pressed, the button will illuminate, and overrides the brake demand from the TPWS loop for 20 seconds. It will extinguish once the time has elapsed or the train passes over the TSS.
85
What are the three states of the Temporary isolation / fault indicator?
Off: TPWS state is normal
Flashing: A fault has been detected in the train TPWS equipment
On (steady): The train TPWS equipment has been temporarily isolated
86
Under what circumstances would you use the Temporary Isolation switch?
* Degraded working in Temporary Block Working or Emergency Special Working
* A propelling movement when driving a cab that is not the leading end
You must not exceed 50mph
87
When AWS equipment is fitted on the approach to a stop signal or warning boards, what is the typical distance?
180 metres
88
What are the reasons for fitting AWS equipment to the railway?
AWS equipment is fitted:
* on the approach to a signal
* where the reduction in permissible speed is provided with a warning board
* on the approach to a level crossing warning board
* on the approach to temporary and emergency speed restriction warning boards
* on the approach to emergency speed indicators
89
The AWS equipment normally comprises of two magnets. What are they called?
* Permanent magnet
* Electromagnet
90
When is the electromagnet energised?
When the associated stop signal is showing a green aspect.
91
What is the purpose of the Driver's Reminder Appliance?
It cuts traction power and reminds the driver of a red signal.
92
What are the six reasons to set the DRA?
1. When entering or leaving a cab at the start or end of your journey.
2. When stopped at any red signal.
3. When your starting signal is at danger.
4. When stopped or stopping at a station platform with no starting signal after the previous signal was a single yellow / fixed distance signal.
5. When stopped or stopping at a station platform with no starting signal after passing a signal at danger with authority.
6. When stopped or stopping at a station platform with no starting signal after passing a position light or subsidiary signal.
93
What are the risks from overuse and under-use of the DRA?
* Signal passed at danger
* Derailment
* Collision
94
What can depots, loops or sidings be used for?
* Storage
* Marshalling (shunting trains around to make new formations)
* Repairs (at maintenance depot)
* Diverting slower trains to allow faster trains to overtake
95
How are track points operated?
Either manually at the site or remotely from a signal box.
96
What types of crossings are used to allow a train to pass over from one line to another?
* Fixed nose crossing
* Swing nose crossing
* Switch diamond crossing
97
What is the definition of the below terms?
1. Diverging junction
2. Converging junction
1. Where a line splits into two
2. Where two lines merge into one
98
What is a trap point?
Trap points are designed to stop collisions at junctions. They derail a train approaching a junction if it had passed a signal without authority to stop it colliding with another train.
99
What is this sign called?
Spring catch points sign
100
What are three main reasons Neutral Sections are used for?
* To break up long sections of OLE to allow for better power delivery
* To break up long sections of OLE to allow for isolation of smaller sections in an emergency
* To separate power feeds from different National Grid power stations
101
Neutral section comprises of a section of dead wire that is 4.5 meters long. How is this split?
* 1.5m of ceramic beading
* 1.5m of dead wire
* 1.5m of ceramic beading
102
The APC magnets opens the train's VCB to ensure the train cannot draw power while going through the neutral section.
What to the abbreviations APC and VCB mean?
Automatic power control and vacuum circuit breaker
103
What is the typical length of a neutral section on:
1. A running line with only one direction of travel
2. A bi-directional line
1. 44 meters (30 meter run-in & 14 meter run-out)
2. 60 meters (both ways require a run-in of 30 meters)
104
What are the four types of automatic level crossing?
* Automatic half-barrier crossing (AHBC)
* Automatic barrier crossing locally monitored (ABCL)
* Automatic open crossing locally monitored (AOCL)
* Red and green light crossing (R/G)
Barrow/white light crossing is also automatic
105
What are the three types of remote controlled level crossings?
* Remote controlled crossing with barriers (RC)
* Closed-circuit television barrier crossing (CCTV)
* Obstacle detection crossing (OD)
106
What is a treadle?
A treadle is used to detects when a train is approaching a level crossing. When the train wheels pass over it (known as the strike-in point) it triggers the crossing lights to flash, sounding of crossing alarms and lowering of crossing barriers to keep vehicles from crossing the tracks.
107
What is the minimum time before a train arrives at the crossing that the strike-in point ensures the barriers are lowered?
27 seconds
108
What are the three categories incidents and accidents at level crossings can be divided into?
1. Proper use
* Legitimate use of crossing, but unforeseen circumstances lead to an accident.
2. Misuse (Error)
* Users are mistaken about the trains proximity and the warnings given.
3. Misuse (Violation)
* Users deliberately ignore warnings and signage.
109
What are the two reasons for a driver to declare a level crossing near miss?
1. The emergency brake had to be applied to prevent the collision.
2. The level crossing user is on or near the line (within 2 meters of the the nearest rail) just before the passage of a train at a level crossing and the driver did not have time to apply the emergency brake.
110
What are each of these signs called?
A. Level crossing warning board
B. Level crossing speed restriction board
C. Level crossing wrong-direction speed restriction board
111
What steps must you take if your train is delayed when approaching a crossing, and the crossing times out?
1. Approach the crossing at caution, even if the white light continues to flash
2. If the white light is still flashing when the train reaches the crossing, you can pass over the crossing without stopping.
2. If the white light is not flashing, stop short of the crossing.
3. Use the emergency plunger, if provided.
4. You may then pass over the crossing but before doing so, you must:
* make sure it is safe to do so
* sound the horn continuously until the front of your train is on the crossing.
112
If the white light at a crossing is not flashing during during darkness, what are some of the conditions that must apply before you cross?
* The train is a passenger or empty coaching stock train and the interior lights are lit.
* Arrangements have been made to prevent road traffic from passing over the crossing.
* At an ABCL the barriers are in the lowered position and the lights on the barriers are lit.
113
When making a wrong directional move over a CCTV, OD or RC level crossing, what must you do?
Stop opposite the signal protecting the crossing on the other line and await further instructions.
114
When would the following crossings be placed under local control?
1. AHBC
2. CCTV, OD or RC
1. The crossing equipment has failed
2. A train is required pass over it when making a wrong-direction move
115
Depending on the type of level crossing, if the crossing equipment fails, the signaller may authorise you to pass the signal at danger. What might you be required to report back to the signaller?
* Whether the crossing is safe for the passage of trains
* Whether the barriers are fully lowered
* Whether the crossing is clear
116
What is permissible speed?
Normal line speed published in the Route Atlas.
117
What details regarding a Temporary Speed Restriction are published within the WON?
* Geographical area
* Area (in miles / chains)
* Line(s) affected
* The speed restriction
* Reasons for the restriction and how long it will be in force
118
Using the labels A, B, C, etc., identify the correct term for each marked area in the picture.
A. AWS magnet
B. 180m distance between AWS magnet and Warning Board
C. Warning Board
D. Braking Distance
E. Speed Indicator
F. Speed Restriction
G. Termination Indicator Board
119
Under what circumstances will a Repeating Warning Board be placed at the end of a platform?
Where the restriction is 300 meters or more in advance of the station.
120
What does SPATE mean?
Speed Previously Advised Terminated Early
121
When can a Temporary Speed Restriction become an Emergency Speed Restriction?
* The times, speeds, or limits are different to those published in the WON.
* Has been imposed again after being withdrawn early.
122
In which situations must you inform the signaller immediately, and possibly stop your train, regarding TSR/ESR equipment?
* If any equipment is missing
* If the equipment is in a different location than published in the WON
* If the equipment is more restrictive than published in the WON
* If there is an issue with an emergency indicator (i.e., an unlit flashing light)
123
What risks to the railway do floods pose?
* Washing ballast away
* Derailment
* Land slips
* Embankment failure
* Infrastructure failure
124
In what situations must you report floodwater to the signaller if you believe it may affect the passage of trains?
The floodwater is:
* up to the bottom of the rail
* up to the top of the rail
* is above the top of the rail
* moving and likely to dislodge the ballast
125
If the flood water is not moving and is unlikely to dislodge the ballast (or the ballast has not been dislodged), under what conditions may the signaller allow trains to move through floodwater, and what restrictions will be in force?
* Normal running if floodwater is up to the bottom of the railhead
* Maximum speed of 5mph if floodwater is up to the top of the railhead
* Do not move if floodwater is above the top of the railhead (movements only permitted by instructions from Network Rail)
126
When must you immediately report any flowing or pooling water to signaller?
When it might affect structures or earthworks. Such as:
* Water rising up from the track or cess
* Unusual amounts of water pooling next to the track or cess
* Water flowing down/pouring out of embankments or cuttings
127
1. At what snow depth must normal train operations be suspended?
2. At what depth must the power to the OLE be switched off?
1. 8 inches above the top of the railhead.
2. 3 foot.
128
If you notice something with the OLE that could cause damage if it comes into contact with the pantograph, what must you do?
* Operate the pantograph down button
* Stop the train as soon as possible
* Contact the signaller immediately
129
What does ADD mean?
Automatic Dropping Device
130
One of two conditions must be met for a signaller to instruct a driver to examine the OLE without switching off the power. What are they?
* Visibility is good enough
* It has been confirmed that there is no damage to the OLE at the location where the train is standing.
131
If it becomes dark or visibility becomes worse while you are examining the OLE, what must you do?
* Stop the examination
* Return to your cab and tell the signaller
* Wait until the signaller has confirmed that the OLE has been switch off before continuing with examination
132
If you are asked to inspect damage to the OLE affecting your line or an adjacent line that has been reported by someone else, what actions must you take?
* Ensure you are accompanied by a competent person during darkness, poor visibility or where there is a tunnel in the affected section.
* Proceed at caution and not exceed 20mph (10mph in a tunnel) and look for any damage or other problems with the OLE.
133
What must you check to determine if it is safe for trains to travel over an affected line (either using traction power or coasting under the OLE with the pantograph lowered)?
* Any obstruction is not more than 150mm (6 inches) below the contact wire
* Not more than two consecutive droppers have come off
* The object or defect is no less than three OLE structures away from a tunnel / overbridge
* No other defect is obvious
134
What do each of these signs mean?
A. Advance Lower Pantograph
- 400 meters before lower pantograph sign
B. Lower Pantograph
- lower all pantographs before reaching sign
C. Raise Pantograph
- raise pantographs only once entire train is clear of sign (can raise pantographs at any speed up to 80mph)
D. Do Not Raise Pantograph
- if you have not raised pantograph by the time you reach this sign, reduce speed to 20mph before raising pantograph
135
What must you ensure when coasting under an affected area of OLE?
* lower pantographs and be travelling at no more than 20mph before reaching the affected area
* the pantographs are not raised until the entire train is clear of the affected area
136
What conditions must be met for trains to coast through an affected area of OLE?
* Line is clear throughout the affected area
* Train is not planned to stop within the affected area
* There are no high winds
* There is no poor visibility
137
The contingency plan outlines risk reduction controls to be applied if any on-train equipment becomes defective before or during service. What are these controls?
* Trains can continue at a lower speed
* Provision of a competent person
* De-training of passengers
* Providing an assisting train
* Re-marshalling the train
138
What are the definitions of defective on-train equipment?
* Defective - NOT performing its intended safety function either FULLY or PARTIALLY
* Isolated
* Missing
139
If the fixed radio equipment on the train fails, what options must apply to allow that train to continue its service?
* A portable radio has been provided
* A competent person has been provided in an alternative cab with a working radio (direct means of communication between driver and competent person must be available)
* The driver has been given permission to proceed as far as a location where a portable radio or competent person will be provided
* The entire radio network is down
140
What is the maximum speed of travel for a train, if it is to continue, with a defective/broken:
A. Headlight
B. Warning Horn
C. Bodyside window
D. Speedometer
A. 20mph (if portable headlight is fitted, speed is 75mph)
B. Fully defective is 20mph (Partially defective is linespeed)
C. 100mph
D. Comply with all speed restrictions
141
What must you do if you become aware of a hot axle box?
* Stop the train immediately
* Contact the signaller and carry out any instructions
* Arrange for passengers to be moved to another coach
* If you are unsure whether the train can continue safely you must seek authority of a train technician
142
If the hot axle box has overheated, what is the imposed speed restriction?
10mph (5mph over points and crossings)
143
If the driver cannot check the hot axle (after detection) within ten minutes, or there is a second hot axle activation (and the train is to continue) what is the imposed speed restriction?
20mph
144
If you stop short and open the doors, what must you do?
* Close the doors
* Make a PA
* Contact the signaller
* Physically check the rear portion of the train for anyone who may have fallen out
* Re-contact the signaller
* If authorised to move, proceed to the correct stopping point
* Re-release doors
* Contact control to make them aware of the incident
145
When making a setting back movement for the purpose of uncoupling, what must you do?
* Ensure the movement does not exceed 60cm
If it is necessary for this distance to be exceeded, you must make sure that:
* A signal has been cleared for the movement
* You have been given permission by the signaller and you will be required to contact the signaller once the movement is complete.
146
What are the terms of the following, in reference to Absolute Block Signalling?
1. Station Limits
2. Absolute Block Section
3. Overlap
1. The area between the HOME signal and SECTION signal.
2. The area between the SECTION signal of one signal box and the HOME signal of the box in advance.
3. A distance (normally 400 yards) after a HOME signal that must be unoccupied for the SECTION signal in rear to clear.
147
Under what circumstances would an Intermediate Block Section be incorporated?
Where the absolute block section is deemed too long, the intermediate block is incorporated to help manage traffic.
148
What is the 20 x 20 rule?
Aim to be doing no more than 20mph at least 200 meters from the signal and aim to stop 20 meters from the signal.
149
TIC-TOC and the 3-step check are designed to prevent what types of errors?
* Fail to call
* Station overrun
* Stop short door release
* Wrong side door release
* Train dispatch irregularities
* SPaDs
* Speeding
150
What do the following acronyms mean?
1. SAS (SPaDs)
2. SOY (SPaDs)
1. Start against signal
2. Start on Yellow
151
If your train is stopped by failure, what must you do?
* Immediately report the corcumstances to the signaller and confirm whether you need an assisting train.
* Report the circumstances to fleet and control.
* Ensure you reach a clear understanding with the signaller about what is required and the protection arrangements.
152
If possible, where must you avoid stopping?
* Within a tunnel
* Over a level crossing
* Above a viaduct
* Within a cutting
* Over points or junctions
* At any other location you feel is unsuitable
153
If your failed train requires assistance, the train must not be moved until either?
* The assisting train arrives
* Alternative arrangements have been agreed with the signaller and anyone else concerned
154
If your failed train requires assistance, what illumination must be displayed?
* If assistance is to come from the rear - red tail lamp is displayed at the rear of the train
* If assistance is to come from the front - white headlight or marker light displayed at the front
155
If an assisting train is needed, you must reach a clear understanding with the signaller regarding what?
* The exact location of the failed train
* That the failed train will not be moved
* The type of assisting train needed
* The direction assistances is needed from
156
If your train has failed and you need to go on or near the line, what must you do?
* Immediately contact the signaller and request a block of the adjacent running lines
* Ensure you reach a clear understanding with the signaller regarding which lines have been blocked and which lines remain open to traffic
157
If your failed train is not clearly visible from the location the assisting train is standing (before entering the section where your failed train is), what must you tell the driver of the assisting train?
The exact location of your train.
Also provide (and obtain) any other necessary information.
158
If you cannot speak to the driver of the assisting train, what must you do?
* Remain on the failed train
* Give the signaller any necessary information to tell the driver of the assisting train (including exact location of the failed train)
* Wait for the assisting train to arrive
* Carry out any instructions given by the signaller
159
During poor visibility, and if you cannot speak to the driver of the assisting train, what must you do?
* Exit your train and carry a red flag or red light
* Walk 300 metres from your train in the direction from which the assistance will approach
* Wait there until the assisting train arrives
* Display a hand danger signal forward to the assisting train when it approaches
160
When would you not need to continue 300 metres?
*if you reach a tunnel entrance that is less than 300m from your failed train
*If your train has failed within a tunnel, and the distance of 300m falls inside the tunnel, you must continue through to the far end and stay at this point for the assisting train
*If you reach a stop signal that is less than 300m from your failed train, providing the signaller has confirmed that the signal is protecting your train
161
When the assisting train arrives at the point you are waiting, what must you do?
Get in the driving cab of the assisting train and confirm to th driver the exact location of the failed train
162
If you are the assisting driver what will the signaller tell you?
*the exact location of the failed train
*How to get in contact with the driver of the failed train via game
*Where the driver of the failed train will meet you (in poor visibility)
*Where the failed train is to be taken to
*When you may pass the signal at danger to proceed towards the failed train
*To inform the signaller when you have picked up the driver of the failed train (in poor visibility)
163
When moving towards the failed train what must you do?
*proceed at caution and travel at a speed of no more than 25mph
*If possible always use GSMR radio to speak to the driver of the failed train to provide or obtain any information before the movement
*If possible always use GSMR radio to speak to the driver of the failed train, if necessary, to provide or obtain any information during the movement
*Follow any instructions regarding the movement from the signaller (if you have not been put in contact with the driver of the failed train)
164
If picking up the driver of the failed train when can you enter a tunnel?
*you have already picked up the driver of the failed train
*You know that the driver of the failed train is not in the tunnel and that the tunnel is clear
165
If you are making a wrong direction movement to assist a failed train from the front what must you do?
*white train illumination displayed at the front and rear of the train
*Short high blasts of the warning horn throughout the duration of the movement
166
If brake continuity cannot be guaranteed throughout the failed train what must you do?
*not exceed 5mph
*Frequently check that the train is complete
167
If your train fails within temporary block working or emergency special working sections and you are unable to immediately contact the signaller what must you do?
Lay emergency protection
168
During working of single lines What are the four scenarios where a pilot must be present on the train?
*when working to and from an obstruction
*During a block failure (no communication between signal boxes)
*On a one train working line
*Assisting a failed train and removing from the rear
169
What are the four conditions you may enter the single line without the signal being cleared?
*modified working
*Working by pilot
*The line is under engineers possession
*You are to assist a failed train
170
What is the titles/codemames of :
A. Pilot working ticket
B. modified working ticket
A.rt3156
B.rt3177
171
When may you enter the single line section without a ticket?
*remove a portion of a divided train
*Evacuate passengers from a failed train
*Assist a failed train
*Remove a train that has proceeded without authority
*Two tandem working
172
What must you do once you have reached the end of a single line?
*write cancelled across the face of the ticket
*Hand the form back to the pilot (or at the end of your duty if the pilot is in a different train)
*Stop if the pilot has instructed you to do so
173
What is the max speed during modified working?
50mph
174
When must you not make a PA?
when approaching restrictive signals or other areas where you must not become distracted
175
If you are delayed on route how soon must you make an announcement?
Within one minute
176
If the delay persists how often must you make an announcement?
Every 5 minutes
177
If a conductor driver is required but they are not competent with the traction unit what must the driver inform them of?
*how to stop the train in an emergency
*Location of emergency equipment
*How to shut down the power for the traction unit
178
What must a conductor driver have?
The required knowledge for all of the route over which they are required to work
179
When may you travel in the driving cab?
*you are the driver of the train
*You need to accompany the driver for conducting purposes
*You are acting as a competent person when permitted
*You are route learning
*You are driving under instruction
*When in connection with your own duties
180
When can staff travel in non-driving cabs?
During severe disruption and the train is extremely overcrowded
181
Who will hold a green cab pass?
*driver managers
*Acting driver managers
*Operations standards manager
*Driver training and SIM managers
They are competent and qualified in the rules and technical/practical train handling
182
Who holds a blue cab pass?
Senior managers
Competent and qualified in rules but cannot drive trains
183
What communication is safety critical?
All operational communication by front line staff is safety critical
