Assessment Deck 1

Question 1

Appraisal can be defined as

a. the process of assessing or estimating attributes.
b. testing which is always performed in a group setting.
c. testing which is always performed on a single individual.
d. a pencil and paper measurement of assessing attributes.

Answer 1

a. the process of assessing or estimating attributes.

Question 2

A test can be defined as a systematic method of measuring a sample of behavior. Test format refers to the manner in which test items are presented. The format of an essay test is considered a (n)_______ format.

a. subjective.
b. objective.
c. very precise.
d. concise.

Answer 2

a. subjective.

Question 3

The National Counselor Exam (NCE) is a (n)_______ test because the scoring procedure is specific.

a. subjective.
b. objective.
c. projective.
d. subtest.

Answer 3

b. objective.

Question 4

A short answer test is a( n) _______ test.

a. objective.
b. culture free.
c. forced choice.
d. free choice.

Answer 4

d. free choice.

Question 5

The NCE is a( n) ______ test.

a. free choice.
b. forced choice.
c. projective.
d. intelligence.

Answer 5

b. forced choice.

Question 6

The _______ index indicates the percentage of individuals who answered each item correctly. a. difficulty.

b. critical.
c. intelligence.
d. personal.

Answer 6

a. difficulty.

Question 7

Short answer tests and projective measures utilize free response items. The NCE and the CPCE uses forced choice or so-called _______ items.

a. vague.
b. subjective.
c. recognition.
d. numerical.

Answer 7

c. recognition.

Question 8

A true/ false test has _______ recognition items.

a. similar.
b. free choice.
c. dichotomous.
d. no.

Answer 8

c. dichotomous.

Question 9

A test format could be normative or ipsative. In the normative format

a. each item depends on the item before it.
b. each item depends on the item after it.
c. the client must possess an IQ within the normal range.
d. each item is independent of all other items.

Answer 9

d. each item is independent of all other items.

Question 10

A client who takes a normative test

a. cannot legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test.
b. can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test.
c. could not have taken an IQ test.
d. could not have taken a personality test.

Answer 10

b. can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test.

Question 11

In an ipsative measure the person taking the test must compare items to one another. The result is that

a. an ipsative measure cannot be utilized for career guidance.
b. you cannot legitimately compare two or more people who have taken an ipsative test.
c. an ipsative measure is never valid.
d. an ipsative measure is never reliable.

Answer 11

b. you cannot legitimately compare two or more people who have taken an ipsative test.

Question 12

Tests are often classified as speed tests versus power tests. A timed typing test used to hire secretaries would be

a. a power test.
b. neither a speed test nor a power test.
c. a speed test.
d. a fine example of an ipsative measure.

Answer 12

c. a speed test.

Question 13

A counseling test consists of 300 forced response items. The person taking the test can take as long as he or she wants to answer the questions.

a. This is most likely a projective measure.
b. This is most likely a speed test.
c. This is most likely a power test.
d. This is most likely an invalid measure.

Answer 13

c. This is most likely a power test.

Question 14

An achievement test measures maximum performance while a personality test or interest inventory measures

a. typical performance.
b. minimum performance.
c. unconscious traits.
d. self-esteem by always relying on a Q-Sort design.

Answer 14

a. typical performance.

Question 15

In a spiral test

a. the items get progressively easier.
b. the difficulty of the items remains constant.
c. the client must answer each question in a specified period of time.
d. the items get progressively more difficult.

Answer 15

d. the items get progressively more difficult.

Question 16

In a cyclical test

a. the items get progressively easier.
b. the difficulty of the items remains constant.
c. you have several sections which are spiral in nature.
d. the client must answer each question in a specified period of time.

Answer 16

c. you have several sections which are spiral in nature.

Question 17

A test battery is considered

a. a horizontal test.
b. a vertical test.
c. a valid test.
d. a reliable test.

Answer 17

a. a horizontal test.

Question 18

In a counseling research study two groups of subjects took a test with the same name. However, when they talked with each other they discovered that the questions were different. The researcher assured both groups that they were given the same test. How is this possible?

a. The researcher is not telling the truth. The groups could not possibly have taken the same test.
b. The test was horizontal.
c. The test was not a power test.
d. The researcher gave parallel forms of the same test.

Answer 18

d. The researcher gave parallel forms of the same test.

Question 19

The most critical factors in test selection are

a. the length of the test and the number of people who took the test in the norming process.
b. horizontal versus vertical.
c. validity and reliability.
d. spiral versus cyclical format.

Answer 19

c. validity and reliability.

Question 20

Which is more important, validity or reliability?

a. Reliability.
b. They are equally important.
c. Validity.
d. It depends on the test in question.

Answer 20

c. Validity.

Question 21

In the field of testing, validity refers to

a. whether the test really measures what it purports to measure.
b. whether the same test gives consistent measurement.
c. the degree of cultural bias in a test.
d. the fact that numerous tests measure the same traits.

Answer 21

a. whether the test really measures what it purports to measure.

Question 22

A counselor peruses a testing catalog in search of a test which will repeatedly give consistent results. The counselor

a. is interested in reliability.
b. is interested in validity.
c. is looking for information which is not available.
d. is magnifying an unimportant issue.

Answer 22

a. is interested in reliability.

Question 23

Which measure would yield the highest level of reliability?

a. A TAT, projective test popular with psychodynamic helpers.
b. The WAIS-III, a popular IQ test.
c. The MMPI-2, a popular personality test.
d. A very accurate scale.

Answer 23

d. A very accurate scale.

Question 24

Construct validity refers to the extent that a test measures an abstract trait or psychological notion. An example would be

a. height.
b. weight.
c. ego strength.
d. the ability to name all men who have served as U.S. presidents.

Answer 24

c. ego strength.

Question 25

Face validity refers to the extent that a test a. looks or appears to measure the intended attribute. b. measures a theoretical construct. c. appears to be constructed in an artistic fashion. d. can be compared to job performance.

Answer 25

a. looks or appears to measure the intended attribute.

Question 26

A job test which predicted future performance on a job very well would a. have high criterion/ predictive validity. b. have excellent face validity. c. have excellent construct validity. d. not have incremental validity or synthetic validity.

Answer 26

a. have high criterion/ predictive validity.

Question 27

A new IQ test which yielded results nearly identical to other standardized measures would be said to have a. good concurrent validity. b. good face validity. c. superb internal consistency. d. all of the above.

Answer 27

a. good concurrent validity.

Question 28

When a counselor tells a client that the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) will predict her ability to handle graduate work, the counselor is referring to a. good concurrent validity. b. construct validity. c. face validity. d. predictive validity.

Answer 28

d. predictive validity.

Question 29

A reliable test is ______ valid. a. always. b. 90%. c. not always. d. 80%.

Answer 29

c. not always.

Question 30

A valid test is ______ reliable. a. not always. b. always. c. never. d. 80%.

Answer 30

b. always.

Question 31

One method of testing reliability is to give the same test to the same group of people two times and then correlate the scores. This is called a. test-retest reliability. b. equivalent forms reliability. c. alternate forms reliability. d. the split-half method.

Answer 31

a. test-retest reliability.

Question 32

One method of testing reliability is to give the same population alternate forms of the identical test. Each form will have the same psychometric/ statistical properties as the original instrument. This is known as a. test— retest reliability. b. equivalent or alternate forms reliability. c. the split-half method. d. internal consistency.

Answer 32

b. equivalent or alternate forms reliability.

Question 33

A counselor doing research decided to split a standardized test in half by using the even items as one test and the odd items as a second test and then correlating them. The counselor a. used an invalid procedure to test reliability. b. was testing reliability via the split-half method. c. was testing reliability via the equivalent forms method. d. was testing reliability via the inter-rater method.

Answer 33

b. was testing reliability via the split-half method.

Question 34

Which method of reliability testing would be useful with an essay test but not with a test of algebra problems? a. test— retest. b. alternate forms. c. split-half. d. interrater/interobserver.

Answer 34

d. interrater/interobserver.

Question 35

A reliability coefficient of 1.00 indicates a. a lot of variance in the test. b. a score with a high level of error. c. a perfect score which has no error. d. a typical correlation on most psychological and counseling tests.

Answer 35

c. a perfect score which has no error.

Question 36

An excellent psychological or counseling test would have a reliability coefficient of a. 50. b. .90. c. 1.00. d. –. 90.

Answer 36

b. .90.

Question 37

A researcher working with a personality test discovers that the test has a reliability coefficient of .70 which is somewhat typical. This indicates that a. 70% of the score is accurate while 30% is inaccurate. b. 30% of the people who are tested will receive accurate scores. c. 70% of the people who are tested will receive accurate scores. d. 30% of the score is accurate while 70% is inaccurate.

Answer 37

a. 70% of the score is accurate while 30% is inaccurate.

Question 38

A career counselor is using a test for job selection purposes. An acceptable reliability coefficient would be _______ or higher. a. .20. b. .55. c. .80. d. .70.

Answer 38

c. .80.

Question 39

The same test is given to the same group of people using the test— retest reliability method. The correlation between the first and second administration is .70. The true variance (i.e., the percentage of shared variance or the level of the same thing measured in both) is a. 70%. b. 100%. c. 50%. d. 49%.

Answer 39

d. 49%

Question 40

IQ means a. a query of intelligence. b. indication of intelligence. c. intelligence quotient. d. intelligence questions for test construction.

Answer 40

c. intelligence quotient.

Question 41

_______ did research and concluded that intelligence was normally distributed like height or weight and that it was primarily genetic. a. Spearman. b. Guilford. c. Williamson. d. Francis Galton.

Answer 41

d. Francis Galton.

Question 42

Francis Galton felt intelligence was a. a unitary faculty. b. best explained via a two factor theory. c. best explained via the person’s environment. d. fluid and crystallized in nature.

Answer 42

a. a unitary faculty.

Question 43

J. P. Guilford isolated 120 factors which added up to intelligence. He also is remembered for his a. thoughts on convergent and divergent thinking. b. work on cognitive therapy. c. work on behavior therapy. d. work to create the first standardized IQ test.

Answer 43

a. thoughts on convergent and divergent thinking.

Question 44

A counselor is told by his supervisor to measure the internal consistency reliability (i.e., homogeneity) of a test but not to divide the test in halves. The counselor would need to utilize a. the split-half method. b. the test– retest method. c. the Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence. d. cross-validation.

Answer 44

c. the Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence.

Question 45

The first intelligence test was created by a. David Wechsler. b. J. P. Guilford. c. Francis Galton. d. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.

Answer 45

d. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.

Question 46

Today, the Stanford-Binet IQ test is a. a nonstandardized measure. b. a standardized measure. c. a projective measure. d. b and c.

Answer 46

b. a standardized measure.

Question 47

IQ stands for intelligence quotient, which is expressed by a. CA/ MA × 100. b. CA/ MA × 100. c. MA/ CA × 50. d. MA/ CA × 100.

Answer 47

d. MA/ CA × 100.

Question 48

The Binet stressed age-related tasks. Utilizing this method, a 9-year-old task would be one which a. only a 10-year-old child could answer. b. only an 8-year-old child could answer. c. 50% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly. d. 75% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly.

Answer 48

c. 50% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly.

Question 49

Simon and Binet pioneered the first IQ test around 1905. The test was created to a. assess high school seniors in America. b. assess U.S. military recruits. c. discriminate normal from retarded Parisian children. d. measure genius in the college population.

Answer 49

c. discriminate normal from retarded Parisian children.

Question 50

Today the Stanford-Binet is used from ages 2 to adulthood. The IQ formula has been replaced by the a. SAS. b. SUDS. c. entropy. d. ACPA.

Answer 50

a. SAS.