Assessment Exam Flashcards
(40 cards)
Cognitive-behavioral treatment for panic disorder involves interoceptive conditioning. This type of conditioning may include which of the following strategies?
Select one:
A.
Yelling “stop” whenever an undesirable thought occurs
B.
Maintaining a panic diary
C.
Focusing on a pleasant experience or fantasy
D.
Breathing through a thin straw
D.
Breathing through a thin straw
The assumption underlying dialectical behavioral therapy (Linehan, 1993) as a treatment modality for borderline personality disorder is that the symptoms of this disorder are caused by:
Select one:
A.
pervasive emotion dysregulation.
B.
dysfunctional object relations.
C.
the depressive cognitive triad.
D.
a lack of response-contingent reinforcement.
A.
pervasive emotion dysregulation.
The revised learned helplessness model proposed by Abramson, Metalsky, and Alloy (1989) identifies ____________ as the primary contributing factor for depression.
Select one:
A.
a high rate of self-punishment
B.
emotional oversensitivity
C.
the depressive cognitive triad
D.
hopelessness
d. hopelessness
Desiree D., age 21, displays several active psychotic symptoms, including persecutory delusions, auditory hallucinations, incoherence, and loosening of associations. Her symptoms began suddenly three months ago, and she has no previous history of similar symptoms. Which of the following is the best diagnosis for her symptoms?
Select one:
A.
Schizophrenia
B.
Brief psychotic disorder
C.
Schizoaffective disorder
D.
Schizophreniform disorder
D.
Schizophreniform disorder
The prognosis for a child with autism is best if the child:
Select one:
A.
does not have delays in motor development.
B.
displays some ability to communicate verbally by age five or six.
C.
has one or more savant abilities.
D.
does not have a family history of a mental disorder.
B.
displays some ability to communicate verbally by age five or six.
The diagnosis of cyclothymic disorder for children and adolescents requires the presence of symptoms for at least:
Select one:
A.
six months.
B.
twelve months.
C.
twenty-four months.
D.
thirty-six months.
B.
twelve months.
The DSM-5 diagnosis of bipolar II disorder requires which of the following?
Select one:
A.
One or more manic episodes
B.
One or more mixed episodes
C.
Manic and major depressive episodes
D.
Hypomanic and major depressive episodes
D.
Hypomanic and major depressive episodes
Based on DSM-5 criteria, the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) requires which of the following?
Select one:
A.
The onset of symptoms prior to 4 years of age
B.
Duration of symptoms of at least 6 months
C.
Markedly impaired academic performance
D.
Negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior
B.
Duration of symptoms of at least 6 months
According to the catecholamine hypothesis:
Select one:
A.
mania is due to a deficiency in norepinephrine.
B.
depression is due to a deficiency in norepinephrine.
C.
mania is due to excessive acetylcholine.
D.
depression is due to excessive acetylcholine.
B.
depression is due to a deficiency in norepinephrine.
The prognosis for schizophrenia has been linked to several factors. Which of the following is NOT associated with a better prognosis?
Select one:
A.
Acute and late onset of the disorder
B.
The presence of a precipitating event
C.
Family history of a mood disorder
D.
Male gender
d. male gender
The most effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder is:
Select one:
A.
exposure therapy with response prevention.
B.
stress management with relaxation training.
C.
covert sensitization.
D.
stress inoculation training.
A.
exposure therapy with response prevention.
A 45-year old woman exhibits several symptoms including autonomic hyperactivity, hand tremor, and nausea following cessation of prolonged and heavy alcohol use. A diagnosis of alcohol withdrawal delirium would be more appropriate than a diagnosis of alcohol withdrawal if the woman also exhibits:
Select one:
A.
psychomotor agitation.
B.
tonic-clonic seizures.
C.
impaired attention and awareness.
D.
tardive dyskinesia.
C.
impaired attention and awareness.
According to Marlatt and Gordon (1985), which of the following result(s) from an “overlearned habit pattern”?
Select one:
A.
Parasuicidal behavior
B.
Addictive behavior
C.
Hypochondriasis
D.
Paraphilias
b. addictive behaviors
Children with Tourette syndrome frequently exhibit significant problems in learning. This is most likely attributable to:
Select one:
A.
language disabilities.
B.
attention deficits and hyperactivity.
C.
lower-than-average IQ.
D.
peer and other social problems.
b. adhd
A DSM-5 diagnosis of specific learning disorder requires the individual’s academic skills to be substantially below those expected for their:
Select one:
A.
chronological age.
B.
mental age.
C.
measured intelligence.
D.
academic aptitude.
A.
chronological age.
As described in the DSM-5, a manic episode involves a period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood plus:
Select one:
A.
inflated self-esteem or grandiosity.
B.
persistently increased activity or energy.
C.
involvement in activities that have a high potential for negative consequences.
D.
anxious distress.
B.
persistently increased activity or energy
Ethel E., age 36, has just been offered a promotion at work. Although she wants the increase in salary and prestige of the new position, she is planning to turn down the job because it will require extensive speaking in front of large groups of employees. Ethel has avoided situations that require her to speak to groups for as long as she can remember because public speaking is a very embarrassing experience for her. Whenever she has to speak in front of others, she is extremely anxious, her heart races, her palms become sweaty, and she becomes preoccupied with the concern that she will forget what she has planned to say. Ethel’s symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following disorders?
Select one:
A.
Panic disorder
B.
Social anxiety disorder
C.
Avoidant personality disorder
D.
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
b. social anxiety disorder
The prevalence rates of major depressive disorder are about equal for boys and girls before puberty. In adolescents and adults:
Select one:
A.
the rates for males and females remain about equal.
B.
the rate for females is about 1.5 to 3 times the rate for males.
C.
the rate for females is about 4 to 5 times the rate for males.
D.
the rate for males is about 2 to 3 times the rate for females.
B.
the rate for females is about 1.5 to 3 times the rate for males.
A psychologist should not assign a diagnosis of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder for the first time if the individual is younger than _____ years of age or older than _____.
Select one:
A.
three; fifteen
B.
five; sixteen
C.
six; eighteen
D.
ten; eighteen
C.
six; eighteen
Research outcomes have linked obsessive-compulsive disorder to overactivity in which of the following?
Select one:
A.
Caudate nucleus
B.
Hippocampus
C.
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
D.
Medulla oblongata
A.
Caudate nucleus
A DSM-5 diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder requires the presence of one or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or cause significant disruption in daily life plus:
Select one:
A.
evidence that symptoms are not associated with a known medical condition.
Incorrect
B.
performance of excessive health-related behaviors or maladaptive avoidance of medical care.
C.
evidence that symptoms are not being feigned or voluntarily produced.
D.
excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to the symptoms.
D.
excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to the symptoms.
In the DSM-5, sleep terror is included:
Select one:
A.
with the sleep-wake disorders as a separate diagnosis.
B.
as a type of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.
C.
as a type of non–rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorder.
D.
as a specifier for nightmare disorder.
C.
as a type of non–rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorder.
Drugs that interfere with the breakdown of ____________ are used to treat memory loss and other cognitive problems in individuals with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
Select one:
A.
norepinephrine
B.
cortisol
C.
acetylcholine
D.
dopamine
C.
acetylcholine
The differential diagnosis of major depressive disorder and mild neurocognitive disorder in older adults can be difficult because of the overlap in cognitive symptoms. However, the presence of which of the following suggests that major depressive disorder is the appropriate diagnosis?
Select one:
A.
The onset of the patient’s cognitive symptoms was insidious.
B.
The severity of the patient’s cognitive symptoms increases in the evening.
C.
The patient seems unaware of their cognitive deficits.
D.
The patient is uncooperative during cognitive testing.
D.
The patient is uncooperative during cognitive testing.
