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CATA 337 midterm > Assessment Intro > Flashcards

Assessment Intro Flashcards

1
Q

what is a medical differential diagnosis

A

comparison of symptoms of similar diseases and medical diagnosis

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2
Q

what is a therapy differential diagnosis

A

comparison of neuromusculoskeletal signs and symptoms to indentify the underlying movement dysfunction so that treatment can be planned as specifically as possible

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3
Q

what composes a differential diagnosis

A

thorough and systematic examination
knowledge of pathology and MOI
clinical signs and symptoms
physical exam
provocation and palpation
lab and imaging

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4
Q

what are the steps to find a differential diagnosis

A

patient history
observation
screening (if necessary)
examination of movement (physical exam)
special test
reflexes and cutaneous distribution
joint play
palpation
imaging

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5
Q

what can we find in the subjective aspect of an assessment (S)

A

patient’s descrption of his complaints
relevant data from history
patients environment
past medical history

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6
Q

what can we find in the objective aspect of an assessment (O)

A

patient chart
results of your examiation (observation, ROM, ST)

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7
Q

what can we find in assessment (A)

A

professional eval of overall impairments based on integration of the subjective and objective findings
identify and interpret problems
patients specific response to intervention

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8
Q

what can we find in the plan (P)

A

the treatment
progression of the plan
education planned
frequency/duration of treatment
follow-up, referral

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9
Q

what is the difference between SOAP and SOAPIE

A

Implement:
this is what you have done (treatment)
Evaluation: has the treatment been effective in helping the patient reach the goals

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10
Q

t/f palpation is before special tests in Canada

A

false

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11
Q

history question example

A

past injury
medication
job
kids
sport
past medical history
what happened
did it get better
hows the pain
what have you been doing

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12
Q

what’s important to have good rapport with the patient

A

informed consent
keep patient focused
discourage irrelevant info
communicate within their level

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13
Q

why are close ended questions sometimes bad

A

can be misleading

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14
Q

list yellow flags

A

abnormal s/s
bilateral symptoms
symptoms peripheralizing
neurological symptoms
multiple nerve root involvement
abnormal sensation patterns
saddle anesthesia
upper motor neuron symptoms
fainting drop attacks
vertigo
ANS symptoms
progressive weakness
progressive gait disturbances
multiple inflamed joints
psychosocial stresses
circulatory or skin changes

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15
Q

list red flags: cancer

A

persistent pain at night
constant pain anywhere in the body
unexplained weight loss
loss of appetite
unusual lumps or growths
unwarranted fatigue

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16
Q

red flags: CV

A

shorteness of breath
dizziness
pain or heavy in chest
pulsating pain anywhere in the body
constant and severe pain in lower leg/arm
dicolored or painful feet
swelling (no MOI)

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17
Q

red flags: Gastrointestinal genitourinary

A

frequent or severe abdominal pain
frequent heartburn or indegestion
frequent nausea or vomiting
changes in or problems with bowel and bladder function
unusual menstrual irregularities

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18
Q

red flags :neuro

A

changes in hearing
frequent or severe headaches with no MOI
problems with swallowing or changes in speech
changes in vision
problems with balance, coordination or falling
faint spells
sudden weakness

19
Q

red flags: miscellaneous

A

fever or night sweats
recent severe emotional disturbances
swelling or redness in any joint with no MOI
pregnancy

20
Q

what do we find in pt HX

A

age, sex
occupation
chief complaint
function ability
allergies, medication
previous injuries/surgeries
other medical history, family medical history

21
Q

what is important to know for injury Hx

A

Moi
opqrst
onset timing
symptoms
duration of injury
previous occurence

22
Q

whats important to know with pain

A

where,when
at time of injury
type
course of pain
rating

23
Q

why is pain very subjective

A

is influenced by physiological, sensory, affective, cognitive, behavioural, sociocultural-ethnosultural components

24
Q

what does pain that is not affected by rest or activity indicates

A

bone pain
organic/systemic disorders
other severe pathology

25
Q

what does pain with activity that decreases with rest indicate

A

mechanical pain from something being pinched, stretched or contracted

26
Q

what does pain and stiffness in the morning which improve with activity indicate

A

chronic inflammation and edema that decrease with activity

27
Q

what does pain and aching that increases as the day progresses indicate

A

congestion in the joint from the joint being overstressed

28
Q

describe systemic sensation

A

disturbs sleep, deep, pressure relieves, not mechanical, associations

29
Q

describe MSK sensations

A

lessens at night and with less activity, sharp and superficial, no associations

30
Q

P for muscle

A

cramp, dull ache

31
Q

P for ligament, joint, capsule

A

dull, ache

32
Q

P nerve root

A

sharp, shooting

33
Q

P nerve

A

sharp bright, lightening

34
Q

P sympathetic nerve

A

burning, pressure, stinging, ache

35
Q

P bone

A

deep, nagging, dull

36
Q

P Fx

A

sharp, severe, intolerable

37
Q

P vasculature

A

throbbing, diffuse

38
Q

what are common symptoms of a systemic disease

A

fever
diaphoresus
night sweats
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
pallor
dizziness/syncope
fatigue
weight loss

39
Q

basic principles of physical exam

A

inform pt what you are doing
uninvolved side first
Arom, Prom, Rrom
painful last
apply tests with care
warn pt
maintain pt dignity
refer if necessary

40
Q

what are the goals of a physical exam

A

allows the clinician to do a detailed physical exam of suspected problem
helps confirm the idagnosis
rules out contradictory signs

41
Q

what is screening

A

screen for non MSK conditions that mimic MSK disorders and serious pathologies
1. red/yellow flags
2. perform quick system checks and review of systems
3. rule out the suspected condition or refer

42
Q

what does scanning exam involve

A

peripheral joint scan
motor scan
sensory scan

43
Q

when do we use a scanning exam

A

no hx of trauma
radicular signs present
trauma with radicular signs
altered sensation in limb
spinal cord signs
abnormal patterns
suspected psychogenic pain

CATA 337 midterm (6 decks)

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