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MTAP CC2 > Assessment of Liver Function > Flashcards

Assessment of Liver Function Flashcards

1
Q

A disorder described as increased bilirubin production due to increased destruction of RBCs

A

Hemolytic Disorders

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2
Q

Transport defect coupled with a mild UDPGT deficiency wherein only 30% enzyme activity is present.

A

Gilbert Syndrome

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3
Q

Presence of circulating inhibitor of bilirubin conjugation. Called “Transient familial neonatal hyperbilirubinemia”; Treated with phototherapy

A

Lucey-Driscoll Syndrome

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4
Q

Transient UDPGT deficiency; treated with phototherapy

A

Physiologic jaundice of the Newborn

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5
Q

Predisposes a newborn to kernicterus

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

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6
Q

Combined hepatocellular hyperbilirubinemia; decreased conjugation; failure of enterohepatic circulation; Interference in bile flow

A

Viral hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Hepatic Carcinoma

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7
Q

A secretory defect. Failure to convey the conjugated bilirubin to the bile canaliculi

A

Dubin Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome

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8
Q

A syndrome due to deficiency of canalicular transporter protein. Dark pigmentation due to lipofuscin.

A

Dubin Johnson syndrome

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9
Q

A syndrome with unknown cause of secretory defect. No dark pigmentation observed

A

Rotor Syndrome

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10
Q

Obstruction of gallstones due to cholelithiasis or tumors that block the bile duct. High urine bilirubin, low urine urobilinogen.

A

Biliary obstruction

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11
Q

is a chemical reaction used to measure bilirubin levels in blood. More specifically, it determines the amount of conjugated bilirubin in the blood.

A

Van der Bergh reaction

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12
Q

What are the 4 main functions of liver

A

Storage, Synthetic/Metabolism, detoxification, secretory/excretory

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13
Q

What does the liver store

A

Glycogen and fat-soluble vitamins

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14
Q

What does the liver metabolize?

A

lipids, proteins, lipoproteins, carbs, and coagulation factors

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15
Q

What does the liver detoxify?

A

drugs, poisons, and metabolic products

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16
Q

What does the liver secrete?

A

Conjugated bilirubin

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17
Q

Highly elevated in hepatitis?

A

AST, ALT, and ALP; Bilirubin

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18
Q

Which analytes are elevated in cirrhosis?

A

Bilirubin, Ammonia, ALP

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19
Q

Elevated in biliary obstruction

A

Bilirubin, ALP

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20
Q

an enzyme which breaks down heme to become biliverdin

A

Heme oxygenase

21
Q

An enzyme present in bilirubin conjugation in the smooth ER of hepatocytes

A

UDPGT

22
Q

UDPGT stands for:

A

Uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase

23
Q

What form of bilirubin is secreted in urine in normal condition?

A

Urobilinogen

24
Q

Conjugated bilirubin covalently bound to albumin, preventing its excretion in urine

A

Delta bilirubin

25
Q

True or False: Both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin is elevated in the combination case of viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic carcinoma

A

True

26
Q

True or False: Conjugated bilirubin is elevated in Dubin-Johnson Syndrome and Rotor Syndrome

A

True

27
Q

The other name for conjugated bilirubin is…

A

B2/ diglucuronide

28
Q

B1 is also known as:

A

Bilirubin monoglucuronide

29
Q

What is kernicterus?

A

a type of brain damage that can result from high levels of bilirubin in a baby’s blood. It can cause athetoid cerebral palsy and hearing loss. It also causes problems with vision and teeth and sometimes can cause intellectual disabilities.

30
Q

What are the reagents in Evelyn-Malloy technique?

A

0.1% sulfanilic acid in HCl and Sodium nitrite, diazo rgt

31
Q

Reagents in Jendrassik-Groff technique

A

ascorbic acid, alkaline tartrate buffer, and diazo rgt

31
Q

Color reaction in Evelyn-Malloy technique

A

Red-purple

32
Q

Color rxn in Jendrassik-Groff technique

A

Blue

33
Q

Accelerator in Evelyn-Malloy technique

A

Methanol

34
Q

Accelerator in Jendrassik-Groff technique

A

Caffeine (Sodium benzoate)

35
Q

Absorbance in Evelyn-Malloy technique

A

560 nm

36
Q

Absorbance in Jendrassik-Groff technique

A

600 nm

37
Q

pH reaction of Evelyn-Malloy Technique

A

Acidic

38
Q

pH of Jendrassik-Groff technique

A

Alkaline

39
Q

the formula for Indirect bilirubin

A

Total Bilirubin - Direct Bilirubin

40
Q

Absorbance measurement at 450 nm to determine the total bilirubin concentration in the serum of newborns

A

Direct spectrophotometric method

41
Q

Oxidation of bilirubin to a colorless product and measurement of the change in absorbance

A

Enzymatic method

42
Q

Conversion factor for bilirubin

A

17.1

43
Q

Rf value for B1

A

0.2-0.8 mg/dL

44
Q

Rf value for B2

A

0-0.2 mg/dL

45
Q

Rf value for Total Bilirubin

A

0.2-1.0 mg/dL

46
Q

Rf value for Overt jaundice

A

> 3 mg/dL

47
Q

Rf value for panic value

A

> 15 mg/dL

48
Q

Rf value for Kernicterus and death

A

> 20 mg/dL

MTAP CC2 (7 decks)

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