Assessments Flashcards
CPCE Appraisal Study Guide questions (92 cards)
1
Q
What is the general process of determining dimensions of an attribute or trait
A
Measurement
2
Q
What is the process or procedure for collecting information about human
behavior known as?
A
Assessment
3
Q
Tests and inventories, rating scales, observations and interview data are tools for this process or procedure.
A
Assessment
4
Q
Going beyond measurement to making judgments about human
attributes and behaviors
A
Appraisal or Evaluation
5
Q
Making a statement about the meaning or usefulness of measurement
data according to the professional counselor’s knowledge and judgment
A
Interpretation
6
Q
Any form of mental testing
A
Psychometric
7
Q
Measures various factors in same test (ie: math, science)
A
Horizontal test
8
Q
The arithmetic average
A
Mean
9
Q
The middle score in a distribution of scores
A
Median
10
Q
The most frequent score in a distribution of scores
A
Mode
11
Q
All three of these fall in the same place when the distribution is normally
distributed
A
Mean, Median and Mode
12
Q
What are the measures of central tendency?
A
Mean, Median and Mode
13
Q
The degree to which a distribution of scores is not normally distributed
A
Skew
14
Q
The right tail is longer; the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the left of the figure
A
Positive Skew
15
Q
The left tail is longer; the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the right of the figure
A
Negative Skew
16
Q
The highest score minus the lowest score
A
Range
17
Q
The highest score minus the lowest score plus one
A
Inclusive range
18
Q
The variability within a distribution of scores
A
Standard deviation
19
Q
The mean of all the deviations from the mean
A
Standard deviation
20
Q
Square of the standard deviation
A
Variance
21
Q
Distributes the scores into six equal parts - 3 above the mean, 3 below the
mean
A
Normal Curve
22
Q
68% - 34% above the mean, 34% below the mean
A
One standard deviation
23
Q
95% - 13.5% above the mean, 13.5% below the mean
A
Two standard deviations
24
Q
99% - 2% above the mean, 2% below the mean
A
Three standard deviations
25
Converts a distribution of scores into nine parts, with 5 in the middle and a standard deviation of about 2
Stanine
26
Uses to compare several different test scores for the same individual
Standardized score scale
27
These derived scores provide for constant normative or relative meaning,
allowing for comparisons between individuals
Standardized Scores
28
Express the person’s distance from the mean in terms of standard deviation of that standard score distribution
Standardized test scores
29
Standardized score where the mean in 0, SD is 1
Z score
30
Standardized score where the mean is 50, SD is 10
T score
31
Indicates % of people who answered an item correctly
Difficulty Index/Value
32
Higher the number, the easier the item
Difficulty Index/Value
33
What is the difficulty index/value if 25% answered correctly?
.25
34
A statistical index which shows a relationship between two sets of numbers
Correlation Coefficient
35
Represented by "r" and ranges from -1 to +1
Correlation Coefficient
36
A correlation between 2 variables
Bivariate
37
A correlation between multiple variables
Multivariate
38
The degree to which the test can be expected to provide similar results for the
same subjects on repeated administrations
Reliability
39
Can be viewed as the extent to which a measure is free from error
Reliability
40
Is used to determine reliability
Correlation Coefficient
41
The same group is tested twice with the same instrument, results are correlated
Test-Retest Reliability
42
Alternate forms of the same test are administered to the same group and the correlation between them is calculated
Equivalence
43
The test is divided into 2 halves, the correlation between the halves is calculated
Split-half
44
The more homogenous the items, he more reliable the test
Inter-Item
45
Confidence band or confidence limits
Standard Error of Measurement (SEM)
46
Attributed to the actual psychological trait or characteristic that the test is measuring
True Variance
47
Can be calculated through the correlation of two tests squared
True Variance
48
Attributed to factors other than the psychological trait or characteristic the test is measuring
Error Variance
49
The degree of common variance
between two tests
Coefficient of determination
50
The unique variance, and is not
common between the two tests
Coefficient of nondetermination
51
The instrument appears valid
Face validity
51
The degree to which a test measures what it purports to measure
Validity
52
In this type of validity, the instrument contains items drawn from the domain of items which could be included
Content validity
53
The predictions made by the test are confirmed by later behavior
Predictive validity
54
The results of the test are compared with other tests’ results or behaviors at or about the same time
Concurrent validity
55
A test has this type of validity to the extent that it measures some hypothetical construct
Construct validity
56
When there is a high correlation between
the construct under the investigation and others
Convergent validity
57
When there is no significant correlation
between the construct under investigation and others
Discriminant validity
58
Type of test where items get progressively more difficult
Spiral Test
59
Type of test where items go from easy to difficult within each section
Cyclical Test
60
Type of test where two versions are given to same group
Parallel Test
61
Type of test where there are no time limits on tests, or very generous time limits
Power based tests
62
these types of tests are timed and the emphasis is placed on speed and accuracy
Speed based tests
63
This type of test format relies on scorers opinion
Subjective
64
These are examples of what type of test format: Essay, Free Choice, Short Answer?
Subjective
65
This type of test format requires no judgment from rater
Objective
66
These are examples of what type of test format: Forced choice/Multiple Choice, Multipoint: Three or more choices (a,b,c,or d), Dichotomous: Two choices, True/False
Objective
67
In this type of test a client is shown neutral stimuli and projects personality on
unstructured task using the unconscious mind
Projective
68
These are examples of what type of test format: free association (Rorschach), completion (sentence), construction (HTP)
Projective
69
This type of assessment compares individuals to others who have taken the test before
Norm Referenced
70
This type of assessment compares an individual’s performance to some
predetermined criterion which has been established as important
Criterion Referenced
71
This type of assessment compares the results on the test within the individual
Ipsatively Interpreted
72
This may generate a person’s best performance on an aptitude or achievement test
Maximal performance test
73
In this type of assessment the instruments are administered in a formal, structured
procedure and scoring is specified
Standardized
74
In this type of assessment there are no formal or routine instructions for
administration or for scoring
Non-Standardized
75
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales
o Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
o Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)
o Cognitive Abilities Test
Intelligence
76
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
o ACT
o SAT
o GRE
Specialized Ability Tests
77
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o California Achievement Tests
o Iowa Test of Basic Skills
Achievement
78
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o GED
o College Board AP Tests
Specialized Achievement Test
79
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o DAT
o O*NET Ability Profiler
Aptitude
80
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o Strong Interest Inventory
o Self Directed Search
o Career Assessment Inventory
o O*NET Interest Profiler
Interests
81
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o MMPI
o Beck Depression Inventory
o MBTI
Personality
82
These are examples of what types of tests/inventories:
o Strong Interest Inventory
o Self Directed Search
o Career Assessment Inventory
o O*NET Interest Profiler
Interests
83
True/False, Likert Scale and Semantic Differential are examples of this
Rating scale
84
This type of observation is reactive, means the participant knows he or she is being watched or questioned and this knowledge may effect his or her performance
Intrusive Observation
85
This type of observation is nonreactive, data is collected without the awareness of the individual and without changing the natural course of events
Unobtrusive Observation
86
Schedules, coding systems, and record forms are used to document what type of process?
Observation
87
An analytical or diagnostic investigation of a person or a group
Case study
88
May be used to report the degree to which an attribute or characteristic is present
Rating scale
89
Can be used to identify isolates, rejectees, or stars
Sociometry
90
A figure or map showing the interrelationships or structure of the
group
Sociogram
91
Social desirability and Halo effect are examples of what phenomenon in assessments/testing?
Bias
