Assisting with Ongoing Conditions

Question 0

What can COPD cause?

Answer 0

Emphysema–>destruction of the lung tissue overtime (elasticity decreases)

Bronchitis–>inflamed airways

            - ->mucous
            - ->cough

Question 1

What is COPD?

Answer 1

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Is a progressive disease

Damages/restricts the airways and aveoli (small sacs in lung that exchange oxygen & carbon dioxide.

Question 2

What are the causes/risk factors of COPD?

Answer 2

Smoking
Environmental
Infections(repeat)
Asthma(childhood)
Other co-morbidities

Question 3

S&S of COPD?

Answer 3

Dyspna                     Headaches 
Wheezing                 Confusion
Coughing                 Chronic chest infections 
Fatigue
SOB(E)
Cyanosis

Question 4

Tx for COPD

Answer 4

Steroid. O2 therapy(88-92%)
Bronchodilators. Cough assist
Scopolamine Suction
Chest physio Increase fluids
Humidify DB&C (deep breathing &
cough)

Question 5

PSW Role for COPD

Answer 5

Monitor breathing
Make sure ct is taking meds
Monitor fluid intake

Question 6

What is TB?

Answer 6

Tuberculosis
Bacteria that affects the lungs
Air Bourne(droplets are very tiny)
Reportable to PH

Question 7

S&S of TB

Answer 7

Cough. SOB
Hemoptysis(blood in cough). Fatigue
Dysphasia Chest pain
Wheezing–>stridor. Wt loss
(continuous harsh high
pitched wheeze)

Question 8

What is Dysphasia?

Answer 8

Dysphasia is a partial or complete impairment of the ability to communicate.

Question 9

Tx of TB

Answer 9

Negative pressure room 
Antibiotics 
Inhalers 
Nebulizers 
Hospital

Question 10

Catheter care?

Answer 10

Catheter is medical asepsis(clean, not sterile)

Indwelling catheter
Sterile when putting in

Question 11

What’s involved in Catheter care?

Answer 11

Keep drainage bag below level of bladder
-don’t let tubing hang lower then drainage bag
-prevents urine backtracking(infection)
Make sure urine flows freely(0 kinks)
Wear proper PPE
-gloves(prevent spread pathogens)
Make sure catheter connected to drainage tub
Secure catheter to inner thigh
-prevent movement
Monitor I&O of fluids

Question 12

What is HARS?

Answer 12

HIV/AIDS Regional Services

884a Princess street

Question 13

What is HIV/AIDS?

Answer 13

Human immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)
-weakens the immune system
-you can have it and not know(passing it on)
- can damage other parts
-immune sys to weak to fight off serious illness
Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome(AIDS)
- final stage
- become sick with life- threatening infections

Question 14

Who can get HIV/AIDS?

Answer 14

Anyone can be infected with HIV no matter…..

- age
- sex 
- race or ethnicity 
- who you have sex with

Question 15

How is HIV transmitted?

Answer 15

body fluids(5) 
  1.blood
  2.semen(including pre-cum)
  3.rectal fluid 
  4.vaginal fluid
  5.breast milk 
2 main ways 
  1.unprotected sex
  2.needle sharing

Question 16

How can a women pass HIV to her baby?

Answer 16

During pregnancy
At birth
Through breast-feeding
Less than 2% risk of passing HIV to the baby

Question 17

How can a pregnant woman can protect her baby from HIV?

Answer 17

In whom
Proper care of HIV
  -take medication
After birth
Feed formula when nursing

Question 18

BPH?

Answer 18

Bennie hyperplasia(enlarged prostate)

Question 19

HTN?

Answer 19

Hypertension

Question 20

MRSA?

Answer 20

Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A strain of Staph infection that is antibiotic resistant

(HA-MRSA) Health care-associated MRSA

• hospitals
• nursing homes
• retirement homes
• other health care settings

Question 21

IDDM?

Answer 21

Insulin-Dependant Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1

Question 22

NIDDM?

Answer 22

Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2

Question 23

What is diabetes mellitus?

Answer 23

DM is a condition when the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells to stop responding to the insulin produced, glucose in blood cannot be absorbed into cells of body.

High levels of glucose in blood damages:

• organs
• blood vessels & nerves

Question 24

What are the 4 types of Diabetes Mellitus?

Answer 24

1. Pre- diabetic 2. Gestational 3. Type 1(IDDM) 4. Type 2(NIDDM)

Question 25

S&S of Stroke(5 major warning signs)

Answer 25

1. Sudden numbness of weakness 2. Sudden confusion 3. Blurry vision 4. Dizziness/Balance 5. Sudden onset headache

Question 26

Quick Stroke assessment

Answer 26

1. Smile 2. Arms up 3. Repeat a sentence 4. Pushes, Pulls, Grips

Question 27

2 Types of stroke

Answer 27

1. Embolic--> travels to brain | 2. Thrombolic--> forms in brain

Question 28

S&S (7 warning signs) of Cancer

Answer 28

1. unusual bleeding/ discharge 2. sores that do not heal 3. changes in bowel or bladder 4. lump 5. nagging cough 6. change in mole 7. dysphagia

Question 29

S&S of MS

Answer 29

``` Fatigue Numbness Blurred or loss of vision Disordered speech Swallowing changes Partial or complete paralysis Swallowing problems Walking, balance, and coordination problems Emotional changes Bowel or bladder incontinence ```

Question 30

What is Arthritis?

Answer 30

Inflammation of the joint 2 types most common: -1. Osteoarthritis -2. Rheumatoid

Question 31

What is Osteoarthritis?

Answer 31

``` When cartilage breaks down. Boney spurs Weak & Stiff muscle around joint Appears around middle age May need Sx to replace joint ```

Question 32

What are the Causes/Risk factors for Arthritis?

Answer 32

``` Aging Low ca Job Diet Family Hx Sports ```

Question 33

S&S of Arthritis

Answer 33

Stiff in the morning and/or when rain or damp Boney spurs Swelling of joint Cracking/Creaking

Question 34

Heat vs Cold

Answer 34

Heat - pain second Cold - swelling first (20 min interval)

Question 35

What are the different types of diets?

Answer 35

- low Na(sodium) - liquid - diabetic - hight protein - high fibre - bland - hight and low calorie - low cholesterol - gluten free

Question 36

I>O=

Answer 36

``` Fluid retention Edema -S&S are: -bloating -puffy eyes & feet -weeping ```

Question 37

I

Answer 37

``` Dehydration S&S -headache -skin tugor(decreased elasticity in skin) pinch test -dizzy -lethargic -constipation - dark urine -eyes sunken in -delirium -dry mouth(xerostoma) ```

Question 38

What can be done for dehydration?

Answer 38

IV therapy - fluids - nutrients - minerals - vitamins - blood products

Question 39

What is incontinence?

Answer 39

Involuntary urination or defecation

Question 40

What does Braidy mean?

Answer 40

Slow

Question 41

What is Edema?

Answer 41

Edema is the swelling caused by fluid retention