Asthma

Question 1

PFT in Asthma i.e., FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, With salbutamol, With methacholine/histamine, DLCO

Answer 1

FEV1 decreased
FVC decreased
Ratio decreased
With salbutamol - >12% increase of FEV1
With methacholine/histamine - >20% decrease of FEV1
*DLCO - increased

Question 2

Acute exacerbation of Asthma, best INITIAL test

Answer 2

Arterial blood gas (ABG)
followed by Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)

Xray mc normal, may show hyperinflation

*Most accurate diagnostic test - PFT/Spirometry
FEV1 and FVC reduces (FEV1 more reduction than FVC, decrease in ratio)

Question 3

Most accurate diagnostic test in Acute exacerbation of Asthma?

Answer 3

PFT/Spirometry
FEV1 and FVC reduces (FEV1 more reduction than FVC, decrease in ratio)

Question 4

Treatment of acute sever asthma attack

Answer 4

1. Salbutomol/Terbutaline (B2 agonist) nebulization with
   6-8L Oxygen
2. 12 puffs of inhaler in adults
3. Ipratropium bromide can be added
4. Magnesium sulphate - severe cases

Question 5

Regular asthma medication

Answer 5

SABA (less common)
ICS + SABA (more common)
ICS + LABA (severe cases)