Asthma Flashcards
Genetic factors in asthma
HLA alleles, FceRE-B, IL-4 gene mutations, CD14 gene mutations
Cytokines produced by TH2 cells
IL-13, IL-4, IL-5,
Cytokine responsible for eosinophil differentiation and survival
IL-5
Cells that produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in non-TH2 asthma
ILC2
Type of asthma that is caused by triggers in the environment that are not allergens and do not trigger allergic response
T2 Low asthma
Cytokine that recruits eosinophils to the airway
IL-13
Cytokine that causes IgE production by B-Cells
IL-4
Immunoglobulin that activates mast cells and basophils
IgE
Indirect bronchial challenge methods that increase the osmolarity of the airway surface releasing mediators from mast cells or basophils
Exercise testing, isocapneic hyperpnea, hypertonic saline, mannitol
Indirect bronchial challenge method that activates A2b receptors on mast cells
Adenosine-5’-monophosphate (AMP)
Indirect bronchial challenge testing that directly stimulates the sensory nerves in the airways
Sulfur dioxide, Bradykinin, Allergens
How indirect bronchial challenge testing compares to direct
More specific but less sensitive, correlates better with inflammation, more predictive of anti-inflammatory response
Substance produced by airway epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells in the lungs
Nitric oxide
Class of medications that will NOT affect nitric oxide level
Anti-IL-5
4 types of T2 asthma
Allergic, Late onset eosinophilic, exercise induced, and aspirin exacerbated
3 types of non-t2-asthma
obesity associated, smooth muscle mediated paucigranulocytic, smoking related
Mild FeNO levels
< 25
Moderate FeNO levels
26-49
High FeNO levels
> 50
Low eosinophil count in asthma
<150
Moderate eosinophil count in asthma
151-399
Severe eosinophil count in asthma
> 400
Low IgE levels
< 30
Moderate IgE levels
31-149
