Atherosclerosis

Question 1

Cholesterol uses (2)

Answer 1

cell membrane synthesis and repair

steroid hormone precursor

Question 2

Triglyceride uses (2)

Answer 2

Fuel source for muscle

adipose tissue storage

Question 3

Chylomicron

Answer 3

Lipoprotein absorbed in diet
85% triglycerides
B-48 apoprotein (E and C II)

Question 4

VLDL

Answer 4

Lipoprotein made in liver from chylomicron
55% Triglyceride
B-100 apoprotein (E and C II)

Question 5

LDL

Answer 5

Lipoprotein made from VLDL –> IDL –> LDL
8% Triglyceride, 50% cholesterol
B-100 apoprotein only

Question 6

HDL

Answer 6

Lipoprotein

3% TG, 27% cholesterol, 40% protein

Question 7

What enzyme removes triglycerizes from lipoproteins?

Answer 7

LPL: Lipoprotein Lipase

Question 8

Calculating LDL

Answer 8

Total Cholesterol - HDL - VLDL

VLDL = (TG/5) when fasting

Question 9

Average US Cholesterol

Answer 9

US average is 130 mg/dL

Basal human level is 60-70

Question 10

LDL Goals based on risk factors

Answer 10

1 or fewer: 20%:

Question 11

4 Statin Benefit Groups

Answer 11

1. Patients w/ known ASCVD
2. Individuals w/ LDL >190
3. Individuals w/ diabetes
4. Individuals w/ 10 year CVD risk of 7.5% +

Question 12

Intensity of Statin Therapy

Answer 12

Specific Statin and dosage is based on need to reduce LDL. >50% is high intensity, 30-50% is moderate, and

Question 13

Treatable Risk Factors fro CAD w/ Known Benefit (3)

Answer 13

Hypertension
Dyslipidemia
Smoking

Question 14

Treatable Risk Factors w/o Unknown Risk Changes (4)

Answer 14

Diabetes
Obesity
Psychological Stress
Sedentary Lifestyle

Question 15

Coronary Perfusion Occurs During…..

Answer 15

Diastole

Question 16

Coronary O2 Extraction?

Answer 16

Maximal at rest

Question 17

Determinants of Oxygen Supply

Answer 17

Oxygen Content

Blood Flow

Question 18

Determinants of Oxygen Demand

Answer 18

Heart Rate
Inotropic State
Wall Tension