ATMOSPHERE:

Question 1

ATMOSPHERE:

Answer 1

The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth.

Question 2

The atmosphere consists of four layers

Answer 2

thermosphere, mesosphere ,stratosphere
and the troposphere

Question 3

Thermosphere:

Answer 3

the layer of the atmosphere furthest from the Earth

Question 4

Thermosphere absorbs the harmful

Answer 4

X-rays and ultra-violet rays hence the high temperatures and
also increase with distance from the surface

Question 5

Mesosphere:

Answer 5

3rd layer above the Earth surface

Question 6

Mesosphere layer prevents

Answer 6

dust and rocks from space from entering the lower layers

Question 7

Stratosphere:

Answer 7

2 nd Layer above the surface

Question 8

Stratosphere Layer contains a layer

Answer 8

of Ozone gas that absorbs the ultraviolet rays from the sun

Question 9

Troposphere:

Answer 9

Layer closest to the Earth’s surface

Question 10

Troposphere contains

Answer 10

most of the air of the atmosphere , all the essential gases to life

Question 11

The behaviour of the air in the Troposphere leads to

Answer 11

Weather

Question 12

TROPOPAUSE:

Answer 12

Separates the Troposphere from the Stratosphere

Question 13

The atmosphere is composed of

Answer 13

gases , solids and Liquid and these are essential for life
on Earth

Question 14

1. GASES:

Answer 14

Troposphere is a mixture of gases

Question 15

Permanent gases

Answer 15

Nitrogen - 78% , Oxygen - 21 % and Argon – 1%

Question 16

2. SOLIDS:

Answer 16

the minute solid dust particles and salt crystals in the air on which water
vapour condenses on.

Question 17

3. LIQUID:

Answer 17

Water in the form of clouds

Question 18

the atmosphere is essential for the following reasons

Answer 18

1. allow us to experience different weather conditions and
   climate
2. absorb dangerous radiation from the sun
3. consists of gases essential to life

Question 19

Causes of Ozone depletion

Answer 19

human activities in the form of use aerosol sprays ,
refrigerants, air conditioners and industrial cleaners that releases (CFCs)

Question 20

Effects of Ozone depletion.

Answer 20

1. allowing the dangerous Ultraviolet rays to reaching the earth’s
   surface
   2.

Question 21

Ways of reducing Ozone depletion

Answer 21

Reduce the use of products that contain CFCs and use products that do not release CFCs

Question 22

Processes associated with heating of the Atmosphere:

Answer 22

1. the sun is the main source of heat on the earth

Question 23

how does the sun heat up the atmosphere

Answer 23

Sun radiation passes through the atmosphere and heats the earth’s surface and it
absorbs the heat and in turn heats up the atmosphere.

Question 23

The sun’s electromagnetic spectrum-

Answer 23

the distribution of the sun’s radiation according to
wavelength.

Question 24

Radiant energy is transmitted in the form of

Answer 24

waves of different wavelengths

Question 25

types of rays that are radiated from the sun

Answer 25

the infra-red waves with longer wavelength , the X-rays with shorter rays ultraviolet rays and the light rays

Question 26

Insolation

Answer 26

incoming solar radiation

Question 27

Most of the ultraviolet and X-rays are absorbed in the

Answer 27

thermosphere and stratosphere

Question 28

SOLAR CONSTANT

Answer 28

the radiant energy that reaches the troposphere

Question 29

53% of the sun’s radiation that reaches the troposphere does not reach the earth’s surface due to:

Answer 29

 Reflection of the radiation from surfaces before it is absorbed due to different properties of reflection  Gases in the troposphere absorb some of the radiation through ABSORPTION  Some radiation is bounced off dust particles - SCATTERING

Question 30

The energy that reaches the earth’s surface is in the form of

Answer 30

short wave radiation which is not absorbed by the atmosphere and is the energy that heats the earth’s surface

Question 31

Terrestrial radiation

Answer 31

all heat from the earth

Question 32

The water vapour and gases (carbon dioxide) absorb the

Answer 32

long wave terrestrial radiation

Question 33

Water vapour and carbon dioxide are close to the surface hence

Answer 33

more absorption takes place thus the reason why the air is warmer.

Question 34

Terrestrial radiation mainly happens at

Answer 34

night

Question 35

Cand clouds act as a blanket to prevent

Answer 35

terrestrial radiation from escaping to the atmosphere

Question 36

Conduction

Answer 36

transfer of heat from one air molecule to another by contact

Question 37

Convection

Answer 37

Vertical transfer of heat energy by movement of air molecules.

Question 38

Release of latent heat:

Answer 38

1. Heat can also be transferred when condensation takes place