Atmosphere-chemistry paper 2

Question 1

Define algae

Answer 1

An early organism capable of photosynthesising.

Question 2

What do greenhouse gases absorb?

Answer 2

They absorb infra red radiation.

Question 3

What is meant by your carbon footprint?

Answer 3

The total amount of carbon dioxide emitted by a product in the life cycle of a product.

Question 4

Define the term particulate?

Answer 4

These are particles of unburnt carbon that contribute to global dimming and effects on human health.

Question 5

What is meant by the term combustion?

Answer 5

This is where you burn fuels in the presence of oxygen.

Question 6

How is acid rain produced?

Answer 6

It is produced asa result of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur dissolving in rainwater.

Question 7

Define carbonate?

Answer 7

A compound that contains Co3 ( a store of carbon in rocks).

Question 8

Define fossil fuel

Answer 8

A fuel that contains hydrogen and carbon.

Question 9

How much carbon dioxide was there in the early atmosphere of the earth?

Answer 9

95%

Question 10

What are some actions that humans can take to reduce the carbon footprint?

Answer 10

1. Increase the use of rewnewable resources
2. Increase energy conservation
3. Increase the amount of carbon we capture an storage
4. Carbon emission tax
5. Carbon offsetting through tree plantation

Question 11

What are some problems of trying to reduce the carbon footprint?

Answer 11

1. Lack of public awarness/education
2. people making lifestyle changes
3. incomplete cooperation between countries
4. scientists cannot agree over the causes and consequences of global climate change

Question 12

What are the 6 atmospheric pollutants ans what problem do they each contribute towards and how are they produced?

Answer 12

1. Carbon dioxide- produced through the complete combustion of fossil fuels- contribute to global warming.
2. water vapour- complete combustion of fossil fuels- contributes to global warming
3. Carbon monoxide-incomplete combustion of fossil fuels-toxic gas
4. Solid particulate-incomplete combustion of fossil fuels-causes global dimming.
5. Sulfur dioxide-burning of coal- contributes to the formation of acid rain
6. Nitrogen oxides-formed through reacting with oxygen-contribute to the formation of acid rain.

Question 13

What is global dimming?

Answer 13

This is where some particles high up in the atmosphere trap some of the suns radiation and prevent it from reaching the earths surface.

Question 14

How do greenhouse gases help maintain the temperature on earth?

Answer 14

They allow short wavelength radiation to pass through the atmosphere and onto the earths suface but absorb long wavelength radiation from the earth causing an increase in teperature.

Question 15

What is the word equation for the combustion of fossil fuels?

Answer 15

Fossil fuel+oxygen (to) carbon dioxide+ water

Question 16

How were fossil fuels and natural gases produced?

Answer 16

The remains of plankton were deposited in the oceans, covered and compressed over millions of years and this produced fossil fuels and natural gas.