Atmospheric Chemistry Flashcards
(16 cards)
What were the primary components of the early Earth’s atmosphere?
CO₂, water vapour, ammonia, methane
These gases were prevalent before the formation of oceans and the evolution of life.
What process added oxygen to the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
This process was carried out by algae and plants, leading to the evolution of animals that utilized oxygen.
How do greenhouse gases affect Earth’s temperature?
They trap heat from the sun
This leads to an overall warming of the Earth’s surface.
List three greenhouse gases.
- CO₂
- CH₄ (methane)
- H₂O vapour
These gases contribute to the greenhouse effect.
What are some effects of climate change?
- Rising sea levels
- Extreme weather
- Habitat loss
- Ice melting
These effects are a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions.
What processes add CO₂ to the atmosphere?
- Respiration
- Combustion
- Decomposition
These processes release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
What processes remove CO₂ from the atmosphere?
- Photosynthesis
- Dissolving in oceans
These processes help to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide.
What is the purpose of Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs)?
Measure total environmental impact of a product
LCAs consider raw materials, manufacture, use, and disposal.
What can be compared using Life Cycle Assessments?
Different products
For example, a plastic bag versus a paper bag can be evaluated for environmental impact.
Define carbon footprint.
Amount of CO₂ and other greenhouse gases released over the lifecycle of a person/product/activity
This metric helps in assessing environmental impact.
How can individuals reduce their carbon footprint?
- Use renewable energy
- Insulate homes
- Reduce car journeys
These actions contribute to lower greenhouse gas emissions.
What is a pollutant produced from incomplete combustion?
CO (carbon monoxide)
CO is toxic and binds to haemoglobin in the blood.
What are the effects of SO₂ emissions?
Acid rain, breathing problems
SO₂ is released from sulfur impurities in fuels.
What is one effect of NO and NO₂ emissions?
Acid rain, smog
These gases are primarily produced by engines.
Fill in the blank: _______ is produced from the combustion of fossil fuels.
CO₂
CO₂ contributes to the greenhouse effect.
What are unburned hydrocarbons and their effects?
Fuel that escapes, causing smog and respiratory issues
These pollutants result from incomplete combustion processes.
