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RadPhy > Atom > Flashcards

Atom Flashcards

1
Q

Anything that takes up space and has mass

A

Matter

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2
Q

Quantity of matter in a body regardless of its volume or any forces acting on it

A

Mass

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3
Q

Measure of the force of gravity acting on it

A

Weight

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4
Q

Building blocks of matter

A

Atoms

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5
Q

Particles much smaller than atoms

A

Subatomic particles

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6
Q

How many elements have been identified ?

A

112

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7
Q

Naturally-occuring elements

A

92

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8
Q

Artificially - produced elements

A

20

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9
Q

He named the smallest piece of matter “atomos”

A

Democritus

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10
Q

Meaning “not to be cut” / indivisible

A

Atomos

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11
Q

They favored the earth, fire , air and water to the nature of matter

A

Aristotle and Plato

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12
Q

Laid the foundation for modern atomic theory

A

John Dalton (1808)

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13
Q

Atoms can’t be subdivided , created or destroyed

A

Modern Atomic Theory

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14
Q

Formed by joining of atoms of two or more elements

A

Compounds

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15
Q

Dalton’s atom had _________ to account for chemical combination

A

Hooks and eyes

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16
Q

Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole number ratios to form chemical compounds

A

Law of multiple proportions

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17
Q

He is concerned with the investigations of the electrons ( cathode rays)

A

Joseph John “J J” Thompson

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18
Q

Concluded that “electrons were an integral part of all atoms”

A

JJ Thompson

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19
Q

Thomson proposed a model of the atom that is called

A

Plum Pudding

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20
Q

Negatively charged that is also known as electrons

A

Corpuscles

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21
Q

Introduced the nuclear model of the atom

Discovered the nucleus

A

Ernest Rutherford

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22
Q

Proposed the planetary model

A

Niels Bohr

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23
Q

He proposed the wave-particle duality

A

Louis de Broglie

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24
Q

All particles of matter moving at some velocity would have the properties of a wave

A

Particle- Wave Duality

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25
Q

He created the quantum mechanical model of the atom

A

Erwin Schrodinger

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26
Q

The probability of finding the electron is the greatest

A

The cloud is most dense

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27
Q

Nucleus is sorrounded by an electron cloud

This model intoduced the concept of sub- energy levels

A

Quantum mechanical model

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28
Q

Electrons do not move about an atoms in a definite path like the planets around the sun

A

Wave mechanics theory

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29
Q

Atom has small positively charged nucleus surrounded by a large region where there are electrons (negative ) to make the atom neutral

A

Modern Atomic atomic model

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30
Q

Created the quantum mechanics

A

Werner Heisenberg

31
Q

Diameter of the atom

A

0.1 - 0.5 nm

1 x 10^-10 m to 5x 10^-10

32
Q

Fundamental particles of the atom

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

33
Q

Positively charge particle

A

Proton

34
Q

Mass of proton

A
  1. 67 x 10 ^-24 g

1. 67 x 10 ^-27 kg

35
Q

Amu of proton

A

1.007316

36
Q

Discovered proton

A

Ernest Rutherford (1920)

37
Q

Negative charged particles

A

Electron

38
Q

Mass of electron

A
  1. 1 x 10^-28 g

9. 1 x 10^- 31 kg

39
Q

Amu of electron

A

0.000549

40
Q

Discovered electrons

A

Joseph John Thompson (1897)

41
Q

Particle with no electrical charge

A

Neutron

42
Q

Mass of neutron

A
  1. 675 x 10 ^ -24 g

1. 675 x 10^ - 27 kg

43
Q

Amu of neutron

A

1.008701

44
Q

Discovered neutron

A

Sir James Chadwick (1932)

45
Q

Center of an atom

A

Nucleus

46
Q

Protons and neutrons were collectively known as

A

Nucleons

47
Q

Determines the chemical element

A

Number protons

48
Q

Removal of an electron from the atom

A

Ionization

49
Q

An atom that carries an electrical charge

A

Ion

50
Q

Positive ion

A

Cation

51
Q

Negative ion

A

Anion

52
Q

A cation and anion simultaneously produced

A

Ion pair

53
Q

To determine the max no of electron per shell

A

2n^2

54
Q

Shell number n

A

Principal quantum number

55
Q

Force toward the center

” center -seeking”

A

Centripetal force

56
Q

Force away from the center

“Center fleeing”

A

Centrifugal force

57
Q

Strength of an attachment of an electron to the nucleus

A

Electron Binding Energy (Eb)

58
Q

Combining capacity of an atom of an element

A

Valency

59
Q

Electrons present in the outmost shell of the atom

A

Valence electrons

60
Q

List of all the elements that can build matter

A

Periodic table

61
Q

Arranged the elements according to the number of atomic mass

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

62
Q

Number of protons in an atom

A

Atomic number (z)

63
Q

Sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom

A

Atomic mass ( A)

64
Q

Number of protons is equal to the numebr of the electrons

A

Neutral atom

65
Q

Atomc species characterized by specific constitution of the nucleus

A

Nuclide

66
Q

Nuclide is proposed by

A

Truman P. Kohman

67
Q

Atoms having same element , same protons but different mass

A

Isotopes

68
Q

Atoms with different element , same number of mass

A

Isobar

69
Q

Same neutron number , different proton number

A

Isotones

70
Q

Metastable state of an atomic nucleus cause by excitation

A

Isomer

71
Q

Usually restricted to refer to isomers with half lives of 10^-9 seconds or longer

A

Metastable state

72
Q

Atoms of various elements may combine to form structure

A

Molecules

73
Q

Composed of two or more chemical elements

A

Chemical compound

RadPhy (9 decks)

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