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atomic scientists theory timeline Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 8 names of the scientists in timeline order?

A
  1. democritus
  2. aristotle
  3. dalton
  4. thompson
  5. rutherford
  6. bohr
  7. heisenberg & schrodinger
  8. modern cloud technology
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2
Q

what was the time period of democritus?

A

400 BC

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3
Q

what did democritus develop?

A

developed first atomic theory

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4
Q

what does “atomos” mean?

A

“not to be cut”

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5
Q

what were the 7 things democritus believe about atoms ?

A

believed that atoms were…
1. solid
2. uniform
3. hard
4. made of the same material
5. different shapes & sizes
6. smallest piece of matter
7. indivisible & indestructible

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6
Q

what shape did democritus say that atoms were in?

A

spherical shape

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7
Q

what was democritus’ analogy?

A

legos

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8
Q

what was the time period of aristotle?

A

300 B.C. to Early 1800s

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9
Q

what 4 things did aristotle say that all matter was made of?

A
  1. fire
  2. water
  3. earth
  4. air
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10
Q

what 4 properties did aristotle say that matter had?

A
  1. hot
  2. cold
  3. dry
  4. wet
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11
Q

why was aristotle’s ideas so popular?

A

aristotle had a lot of influence over people so his ideas were easily welcomed

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12
Q

what is the death of chemistry?

A

when there was no new discoveries made and people believed whatever aristotle said

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13
Q

what was aristotle’s analogy?

A

“death to the field of chemistry for 2000 years!”

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14
Q

what was the time period for dalton?

A

1803

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15
Q

what did dalton do since the death of chemistry?

A

made the first atomic theory since the death of chemistry

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16
Q

what was dalton’s theory?

A

all atoms of the same element are identical and atoms of different elements are different

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17
Q

what did dalton say about matter?

A

all matter is made up of atoms

18
Q

what did dalton say about atoms?

A

atoms are too small to be seen

19
Q

what 2 things did dalton find out?

A
  1. we might have different elements
  2. chemical reactions = rearrangement of atoms
20
Q

what was dalton’s analogy?

A

billiard ball

21
Q

what was thompson’s time period?

22
Q

what was thompson’s famous model called?

A

“plum pudding”

23
Q

what are the 3 things that thompson discovered?

A
  1. atoms might have subatomic/smaller particles
  2. electrons have a negative charge
  3. protons have a positive charge
24
Q

what is thompson’s analogy?

A

chocolate chips in a cookie

25
what was the time period for rutherford?
1908
26
what 2 things did rutherford discover?
1. discovered the nucleus 2. electrons are scattered outside the nucleus at a distance
27
what is rutherford's theory?
atoms have small, dense, positively-charged center called the nucleus
28
how did rutherford disprove thompson's pudding model?
by using positively-charged particles fired at gold foil, he proved atoms are not pudding filled with positively-charged material
29
what was rutherford's analogy?
cherry with a pit
30
what was the time period of bohr?
1913
31
what did bohr's model show?
showed what an atom is made of
32
what was bohr's theory?
electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus, like planets around the sun
33
what 2 things did bohr find out about electrons?
1. travel fixed around the nucleus 2. energy levels increased for electrons when farther away from nucleus
34
what was bohr's analogy?
solar system
35
what was the time period for heisenberg & schrodinger?
1920s
36
what 2 things was heisenberg & schrodinger known for?
1. equation 2. uncertainty principle
37
what is the uncertainty principle?
cannot know speed and position of a particle at the same time
38
what was the time period for the modern cloud theory?
20th century
39
what are the 3 main scientists in the modern cloud theory?
1. heisenberg 2. schrodinger 3. einstein
40
what did the modern cloud theory uncover about electrons?
electrons do not orbit the nucleus in planet-like orbits, they move at high speeds in an electron cloud around the nucleus
41
which scientist's theory did the modern cloud theory disprove?
bohr's theory about how electrons move at a fixed rate/position around the nucleus
42
what is the analogy for the modern cloud theory?
cotton ball

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