Atomic Structure (1)

Question 1

What is a fact about RAM?

Answer 1

All relative atomic masses are relative to the mass of an atom of C12 which has a mass of exactly 12

Question 2

How many electrons can each orbital hold?

Answer 2

2 electrons of opposite spin

Question 3

What is the trend in ionisation energies down a group?

Answer 3

Outer e get further from the nucleus so less energy is needed to remove them.
So decrease in ionisation energy down a group

Question 4

What is the trend in ionisation energies across a period?

Answer 4

Nuclear charge increases so e become harder to remove.
So ionisation energy increases across a period

Question 5

Why is there a drop in ionisation energy for Al?

Answer 5

(Group 3) 3s^2 3p^1
Outer e is in p orbital further from the nucleus so easier to remove

Question 6

Why is there a drop in ionisation energy for S?

Answer 6

(Group 3) 3s^2 3p^4
Outer e is paired in 3p orbital so easier to remove

Question 7

What’s an isotope?

Answer 7

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Question 8

List the e orbitals from lowest energy levels to highest

Answer 8

S
P
D
F

Question 9

What subshell is filled after 3p?

Answer 9

4s

Question 10

Define first ionisation energy

Answer 10

Energy required to remove one mole of e from one mole of atoms in the gaseous state to give one mole of ions (+1)