Atomic Structure Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are all elements made up of
Atoms
Where are all the elements found
The periodic table
What are the 3 sub atomic particles called
Electrons,
protons,
neutrons
Where are the protons and neutrons found in the atom
In the nucleus
Where are the electrons found
Shells around the nucleus
How are elements organised on the periodic table
Organised by atomic number
What charge do neutrons have
No charge - neutral
What mass do neutrons have
Mass of 1
What charge are protons
Positive
What mass are protons
1
What charge are electrons
Negative
What mass are electrons
1/1840 - very little
Each element has 2 numbers - the top number is called the mass number. What does this tell you?
Mass number = number of protons + neutrons
The bottom number for an element is the atomic numbers. What does this mean
Atomic number = number of protons or number of electrons in atom
How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom
Mass number - atomic number
If magnesium has the atomic number of 12 and mass number of 24 - how many protons, neutrons and electrons
Protons = atomic number = 12 protons
Number of electrons = number of protons = 12 electrons
Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number = 24-12=12 neutrons
If atomic number for chlorine is 17 and mass number = 35. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there
Atomic number = number of protons or number of electrons so have 17 protons, 17 electrons
Mass number - atomic number = 35-17 = 18= number of neutrons
Electrons are arranged in shells. How many are in each of the first 3 shells
Shell 1 - 2 electrons
Shell 2 - 8 electrons
Shell 3 - 8 electrons
If nitrogen has atomic number 7 - what is the electronic structure
2 electrons in shell 1, 5 electrons shell 2
Electron structure - 2, 5
If silicon has atomic number 14 what is the electron structure
2,8,4
