Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are elements?
Made up of atoms with the same atomic number (found on the periodic table).
What are compounds?
More than one type of atom bonded together.
What are mixtures?
More than one type of element/compound not chemically bonded together
What do these state symbols mean?
s, l, g, aq
s = solid , l = liquid , g = gas, aq = dissolved in water
TRUE OR FALSE
reactant + reactant –> product + product
TRUE
What are five separation techniques?
Sieve (different sized solutions eg. rocks and sand)
Filtration (solid and liquid eg. sand and water)
Crystallisation (dissolved solid and liquid eg. salt and water)
Distillation (liquids with different boiling points eg. alcohol and water)
Chromatography (different substances in solution eg. inks in a pen)
What is the structure of an atom (what do they contain, how is this arranged) ?
Nucleus in centre: made up of protons and neutrons
Electrons in ‘shells’ around the nucleus
What is the charge and relative mass of neutrons?
Neutrons have no charge and a relative mass of 1
What is the charge and relative mass of protons?
Protons have a positive charge and a relative mass of 1
What is the charge and relative mass of electrons?
Electrons have a negative charge, relative mass of 0 (very small)
What is the mass number?
Larger number on periodic table = protons + neutrons
What is the atomic number?
Smaller number on the periodic table = protons or electrons
TRUE OR FALSE
in an atom, the number of electrons > the number of protons
FALSE
number of electrons = number of protons
How are electrons arranged in shells?
2 electrons in the first shell
up to 8 electrons in each shell after the first
What is electron configuration (as a concept)?
How many electrons are in each shell (eg. Si - 2, 8, 4)
