Atomic Structure

Question 1

Describe early ideas about the atom

Answer 1

-JJ Thomson- plum pudding model (stated negative electrons embedded in a positive sphere)
-Rutherford- planetary model (negative electrons orbiting a positive nucleus)
-Chadwick- discovered neutron
Today-protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons orbit around in shells

Question 2

Give relative mass + charge of a proton

Answer 2

Mass= 1
Charge= +1

Question 3

Give relative mass + charge of a neutron

Answer 3

Mass- 1
Charge- 0

Question 4

Give relative mass + charge of an electron

Answer 4

Mass- 1/1840
Charge- -1

Question 5

What is atomic number?

Answer 5

This is the number of protons in an atom

Question 6

What is the mass number?

Answer 6

The total number of protons and neutrons in (the nucleus of) an atom

Question 7

How do atoms form ions

Answer 7

When atoms either lose or gain electrons they form ions

Question 8

What are cations

Answer 8

Positive ions and form when atoms lose electrons

Question 9

What are anions

Answer 9

Negative ions and form when atoms gain electrons

Question 10

What is an isotope

Answer 10

Atoms which have the same number of protons (atoms of the same element) but they have a different number of neutrons (have a different mass number)
E.g chlorine 35- 17 protons,17 electrons + 18neutrons
Chlorine37- 17 protons, 17 electrons + 20 neutrons

Question 11

RAM

Answer 11

(Mass isotope1 x abundance) + (mass isotope2 x abundance)