atomic structure

Question 1

An atom consists of three primary subatomic particles

Answer 1

protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 2

protons are

Answer 2

Positively charged particles.
Located in the nucleus (the central part of the atom).
The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and therefore what element it is (e.g., 1 proton = hydrogen, 6 protons = carbon).

Question 3

neutrons are

Answer 3

Neutral particles (no charge).
Also located in the nucleus of the atom.
The number of neutrons, along with protons, contributes to the atomic mass (also known as mass number).

Question 4

electrons

Answer 4

Negatively charged particles.
Found orbiting the nucleus in regions called electron shells or energy levels.
Electrons are much smaller than protons and neutrons but play an important role in chemical reactions and bonding

Question 5

what is the nucleus

Answer 5

The nucleus is the dense center of the atom, containing protons and neutrons. It is very small relative to the entire size of the atom but contains almost all of the atom’s mass.
The nucleus is held together by a force called the strong nuclear force, which overcomes the repulsive forces between positively charged protons.

Question 6

Atomic Number

Answer 6

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It defines the element.

Question 7

Mass Number

Answer 7

The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 8

Isotopes

Answer 8

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. This means isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers

Question 9

what is electron configuration

Answer 9

Electron configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in an atom’s electron shells.

Question 10

period number

Answer 10

The period number tells you how many electron shells an atom has.

Question 11

group number

Answer 11

The group number tells you how many valence electrons an atom has.

Question 12

ions

Answer 12

Ions are charged particles formed when atoms gain or lose electrons.

Question 13

cations

Answer 13

Cations are positively charged ions (lost electrons).

Question 14

anions

Answer 14

Anions are negatively charged ions (gained electrons)

Question 15

Atom

Answer 15

protons + neutrons (in nucleus) + electrons (in shells)

Question 16

Atomic number

Answer 16

number of protons

Question 17

Mass number

Answer 17

protons + neutrons

Question 18

Electron configuration

Answer 18

shows how electrons are arranged in shells

Question 19

ions

Answer 19

form when atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve stability