introduction to chemistry Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is Chemistry?
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.Chemistry helps us understand how substances interact, combine, and change.
what is matter
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
what is Compound
are substances made from two or more different types of atoms bonded together.
what are Atoms
Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter.tiny units that combine to form everything from the air we breathe to the materials we use every day.Atoms combine to form molecules, which are the smallest units of compounds
what are elements
pure substances made up of only one type of atom.
what is the periodic table
a chart that organizes all known elements based on their atomic number and properties.
what are elements in the same column called
groups
they have similar chemical properties
what are the rows called
periods
indicats the number of electron shells.
Physical properties
characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance, like color, texture, and density.
Chemical properties
describe how a substance reacts with other substances, like how metals react with oxygen to form rust.
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction occurs when substances interact to form new substances. It involves breaking and forming chemical bonds.
Common indicators of a chemical reaction include color change, temperature change, and the formation of gas or a solid.
States of Matter
Matter can exist in three main
states: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solids have a fixed shape and volume.
Liquids have a fixed volume but can change shape.
Gases have neither a fixed shape nor volume and expand to fill their container.
Measurement in Chemistry
Common units include grams for mass, liters for volume, and Celsius or Kelvin for temperature.
Safety in the Chemistry Lab
Always follow lab safety rules, like wearing goggles, gloves, and an apron.
Never eat or drink in the lab, and always follow proper disposal methods for chemicals.
