Atomic Structure

Question 1

Describe the plumb pudding model

Answer 1

A sphere of positive charge with small negatively charged electrons distributed evenly within it

Question 2

Describe the electron shell model

Answer 2

A small dense central nucleus, made up of positively charged protons and neutral charged neutrons, with negatively charged electrons orbiting the centre in distinct energy levels

Question 3

Define the Mass Number

Answer 3

The sum of the protons and neutrons within an atom

Question 4

Define the Atomic Number

Answer 4

The number of protons within an atom

Question 5

Define Relative Atomic Mass

Answer 5

The mean mass of an atom relative to 1/12th the mass of a carbon 12 isotope

Question 6

Define an Isotope

Answer 6

Atoms of the same element but a different number of neutrons (different Mass number, same Atomic number)

Question 7

Define an ion

Answer 7

An atom of an element with an overall charge

Question 8

State the four stages of Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry in order in which they occur

Answer 8

1.Ionisation
2.Acceleration
3.Ion Drift
4. Detection

Question 9

Draw the calculation triangle for: Mass,Mols,Mr

Answer 9

Mass/mols x Mr

Question 10

Draw the calculation triangle for: Mols,Conc,Vol

Answer 10

Mols/Conc x Vol

Question 11

What are the two elements that are exceptions to the standard ordering or orbital shells

Answer 11

Copper + chromium

Question 12

WHAT is the exception for the two elements in orbital ordering?

Answer 12

4s1 not 4s2

Question 13

Define Ionisation Energy

Answer 13

The minimum energy required to remove one mol or electrons from one mol of atoms in their gaseous state

Question 14

Define Electronegativity

Answer 14

An atoms ability to attract a pair of electrons within a covalent bond