Atomic structure (2)

Question 1

what is FIE ?

Answer 1

energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to from one mole of singly charged positive ions

Question 2

What are the factors affecting FIE ?

Answer 2

• The size of nuclear charge
• The distance of the removed electron from the nucleus
• The presence of inner-shell (“shielding)
• Whether or not the removed electron is paired-up in an orbital

Question 3

What are functional groups ?

Answer 3

Atoms or group of atoms that have similar chemical properties whevever they appear

Question 4

How many C bonds does an unsaturated compound contain ?

Answer 4

double C bonds

Question 5

How many C bonds does an saturated compound contain ?

Answer 5

single C bonds

Question 6

what compounds contain hdroxyl (OH) and carbonyl (C=O) groups?

Answer 6

1. alcohols
2. aldehydes
3. ketones

Question 7

what functional groups contain COO?

Answer 7

1. esters
2. carboxylic acids
3. acid anhydrides

Question 8

what are nitrogen heteroatoms ?

Answer 8

1. amines
2. amides
3. nitriles

Question 9

how do you discover relative formula mass (Mr) ?

Answer 9

addition of atomic masses

Question 10

What can be found with Mr ?

Answer 10

1. relative atomic/formula mass
2. abundance of isotopes

Question 11

how does the mass spectrometre work ?

Answer 11

1. samle of material is injected and is vaporised if required
2. after ionisation, sample is accelarated through a device and ions are deflected by a magnet
3. detectors ionly connects ions with a specific mass depending on deflection
4. as ion masses adjust, a graph is produced
5. intensity vs mass:charge ratio (m/z)