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Flashcards in Atomic Structure Deck (9)
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1
Q

What are the three subatomic particles?

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

2
Q

What is the relative mass of these particles?

A
Proton = 1
Neutron = 1
Electron = negligible or 1/2000
3
Q

What are the charges of these particles?

A
Proton = +1
Neutron = 0
Electron = -1
4
Q

What was the original particle theory?

A

That matter was made up of tiny spheres called atoms and each element was made up of one atom type and couldn’t be broken down

5
Q

What was then discovered 100 years later?

A

That electrons could be removed from atoms which suggested that atoms were positively charged spheres with tiny negative electrons in them like plums pudding

6
Q

What did Rutherford and Marsden do?

A

Fired beans of tiny alpha particles at gold foil and expected positively charged alpha particles to be slightly deflected by electrons in plums pudding model

7
Q

What actually happened in the experiment and what did this mean?

A

Most alpha particles went straight through and the occasional one came back this meant that most mass of the atom must be concentrated in the centre in a tiny positively charged nucleus to repel positively charged alpha particles
Atom is mostly empty space

8
Q

What charge does an atom have?

A

No overall charge

9
Q

What is the nuclear model of the atom?

A

Nucleus is tiny but contains most mass
Nucleus contains positive protons and neutral neutrons- overall positive charge
Most of atom is empty space
Negative electrons circle nucleus
Radius of nucleus = 10000 x smaller than radius of the atom