Atomic Structure

Question 1

Name the group of elements highlighted below

Answer 1

Alkali Metals

Question 2

Name the group of elements highlighted below

Answer 2

Noble Gases

Question 3

Name the group of elements highlighted below

Answer 3

Halogens

Question 4

Name the group of elements highlighted below

Answer 4

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 5

Name the group of elements highlighted below

Answer 5

Lanthanides

Question 6

Which orbital is shown below?

Answer 6

d_xy orbital

Question 7

Which orbital is shown below?

Answer 7

d_xz orbital

Question 8

Which orbital is shown below?

Answer 8

d_yz orbital

Question 9

Which orbital is shown below?

Answer 9

d_x²-_y² orbital

Question 10

Predicting Oxidation State from Bond lengths

As a general rule, the size of an ion will decrease by____Å by going from high spin to low spin.

Answer 10

>0.09 Å

Question 11

Predicting Oxidation State from Bond Lengths

As a general rule, the size of an ion will decrease by ______ Å per increase in positive charge

(Important: Spin state change leads to deviations from this rule of thumb.)

Answer 11

0.03-0.07 Å

Question 12

The size of an ion of the same charge will increase by_____ Å per increase in bound ligand.

Answer 12

0.05-0.1 Å

Question 13

Periodic Table Trends

Electron Affinity

Answer 13

Up a group: Increases

Left to Right Row: Increases

Question 14

Periodic Table Trends

Ionization Energy

Answer 14

Up a group: Increases

Left to Right Row: Increases

Question 15

Particles in nucleus

Answer 15

Protons and Neutrons

Question 16

Important Subatomic Particles for Chemists.

Particles in an atom

Answer 16

Proton, neutron, electron

Question 17

Electronegativity

Answer 17

The power of an atom in a molecule to attract

electrons to itself.

Question 18

Electronegativity

“Mulliken’s Definition”

Answer 18

χ=1/2(IE+EA)

Casted in terms of average of the Ionization Energy (IE) and Electron Affinity (EA)

Question 19

The sign of the wavefunction as an electronwave goes through a nodal plane

Answer 19

Changes Sign

Question 20

Hund’s Rule

Answer 20

The state of the highest spin multiplicty is lowest in energy

Question 21

The magnetic quantum number symbol is given by____.

Answer 21

m_l

Question 22

This quantum number can take on the following values:

x > 0, where x is an integer

Answer 22

n

Question 23

This quantum number can take on the following values:

-l ≤ __≤ l

Answer 23

m_l

Question 24

This quantum number can take on the following values:

0 ≤ __≤n-1

Answer 24

ℓ

Question 25

This quantum number can take on the following values: ±½​

Answer 25

m_s

Question 26

**The angular quantum number symbol is given by\_\_\_\_.**

Answer 26

**ℓ**

Question 27

The spin quantum number symbol is given by\_\_\_\_.

Answer 27

m_s

Question 28

The principal quantum number symbol is given by\_\_\_\_.

Answer 28

n

Question 29

***"Periodic Table Trends"*** *e^- + M ---\> M^-*

Answer 29

Electron Affinity

Question 30

Name the group of elements highlighted below

Answer 30

Transition metals

Question 31

## Footnote **It contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons**

Answer 31

**An α-particle ​**

Question 32

# Parts of a Wavefunction ## Footnote **Characterizes the number of angular nodes and shape of an atomic orbital.**

Answer 32

**Angular Wavefunction**

Question 33

# Parts of the Wavefunction ## Footnote **Characterizes the number of radial nodes and the size of an atomic orbital.**

Answer 33

## Footnote **Radial Wavefunction**

Question 34

**This experiment reveled that every atom has a nucleus composed of positive charge(s) and that it is where most of the atom's mass is concentrated.**

Answer 34

**Rutherford Gold foil experiment**

Question 35

## Footnote **Same number of protons, different number of neutrons**

Answer 35

**Isotope​**

Question 36

## Footnote **Number of angular nodes for d orbitals**

Answer 36

**2**

Question 37

## Footnote **Number of angular nodes for p orbitals**

Answer 37

**1**

Question 38

## Footnote **Number of angular nodes for s orbital**

Answer 38

**0**

Question 39

## Footnote **Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle**

Answer 39

**Δx Δp \> h/4π​**

Question 40

## Footnote **Einstein Energy** **Relationship**

Answer 40

**E = mc²**

Question 41

## Footnote **Wave Particle Duality** **(De Broglie)**

Answer 41

**λ=h/(mv)**

Question 42

***Pauli Exclusion Principle***

Answer 42

**No two electrons can simultaneously occupy the same quantum state (quantum number)**

Question 43

**Based on the electronegative values (Hoffmann et al) of the nitrogen and hydrogen atom, what is the best description of hydrogen in Borane** **(BH₃)?** **B - 11.4 eV e^−1​** **H - 13.6 eV e^−1​**

Answer 43

**It has H- character**

Question 44

## Footnote **Based on the electronegative values (Hoffmann et al) of the nitrogen and hydrogen atom, what is the best description of hydrogen in ammonia (NH₃)?** **N - 16.9 eV e^−1​** **H - 13.6 eV e^−1​**

Answer 44

**It has H+ character**

Question 45

## Footnote **Based on the electronegative values (Hoffmann et al) of the carbon and hydrogen atom, what is the best description of hydrogen in methane (CH₃)?** **C - 13.9 eV e^−1​** **H - 13.6 eV e^−1​​**

Answer 45

**It has H****^.****character**

Question 46

***Electronegativity*** ***"Pauling's Definition "***

Answer 46

***_Casted in terms of bond energies_*** A_2(g) + B_2(g) --\> 2AB_(g) **ΔE**(AB)=**E**(AB)*_exp* – ½[**E**(AA)+**E**(BB)] |**χ_A** – **χ_B**|=*bond polarity*=0.208**√**(**ΔE**(AB)

Question 47

***Slater's Rules*** ***"If calculating for d or f orbital electrons"*** **All electrons to the left shield**

Answer 47

## Footnote **1.0 per electron**

Question 48

***Slater's Rules*** ***"For an ns or np electron"*** **All electrons n-1**

Answer 48

## Footnote **0.85 per electron**

Question 49

***Slater's Rules*** ***"For an ns or np electron"*** **All electrons less than or equal to n-2**

Answer 49

## Footnote **1.0 per electron**

Question 50

***Slater's Rules*** **Electrons in the same "group"**

Answer 50

## Footnote **0.35 per electron**