Atomic structure an the periodic table

Question 1

what are atoms

Answer 1

atoms are the building blocks of all material on earth

Question 2

what is a mixture?

Answer 2

two or more chemical substances that arent chemically bonded

Question 3

what are compounds

Answer 3

a substance that contains two or more elements chemically bonded together

Question 4

what is a suspension

Answer 4

heterogeneous mixture of a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation

Question 5

name 5 separating methods ( mixtures)

Answer 5

filtration
chromatography
fractional distillation
distillation
evaporoation

Question 6

what is filtration

Answer 6

this is when filter paper is used to separate large sediments from a liquid

Question 7

what is chromatography

Answer 7

Chromatography is a method used to separate and identify the components of a mixture of soluble substances

Question 8

what is atomic mass

Answer 8

atomic mass is the mass of proton nutreons and electrons the atom

Question 9

what is the atomic number

Answer 9

the atomic number is the number of protons in the atom

Question 10

what is the conservation of mass

Answer 10

the total mass of products formed in a reaction is equal to the total mass of the reactants

Question 11

what is a solute

Answer 11

a solid that can dissolve into a solvent

Question 12

what is a solvent

Answer 12

a liquid that can dissolve a solute

Question 13

what is a solution

Answer 13

when a solute has been dissolved in a solvent

Question 14

what is crystalisation

Answer 14

used to get pure salt from salt solution using evaporation

Question 15

what is distillation

Answer 15

separates two miscible liquids using there boiling point

Question 16

what is miscible

Answer 16

can be mixed together (water and alcohol)

Question 17

what is immiscible

Answer 17

cannot be mixed together(water and oil)

Question 18

what is an ion

Answer 18

an atom that has gained a charge by losing or gaining electrons

Question 19

what is an isotope

Answer 19

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes

Question 20

what is the name of group 7 elements

Answer 20

halogens

Question 21

state 3 trends when going down group 1 in the periodic table

Answer 21

1. increased reactivity
2. Lower MP and BP
3. higher atomic mass

Question 22

name 6 separating methods

Answer 22

1. filtration
2. chromatography
3. fractional distilation
4. distilation
5. evaporation
   6

Question 23

why do halogens become less reactive as you go down the periodic table

Answer 23

1. As you go down the table the atomic radius and shielding increase
2. this means there is a weaker electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the electron it is trying to gain
3. this means more energy is required to get the electron

Question 24

what is the reaction between a group 1 metal and water

Answer 24

Alkali metal + water –> metal hydroxide + hydregon

Question 25

state 3 trends going down group 7

Answer 25

decreased reactivity higher atomic mass higher melting point and boiling point

Question 26

do metals form positive or negative ions

Answer 26

positive

Question 27

3 special propities transition metals have

Answer 27

they make good catalysts there ions are often coloured they can have more than one ion

Question 28

why are noble gases inert

Answer 28

this is because they have a full outershell

Question 29

what is inert

Answer 29

unreactive