Atomic Structure and Atomic Bonding

Question 1

It is the imitation of the models,
systems, and elements of nature for the purpose of solving
complex human problems.[1] The terms “biomimetics” and
“biomimicry” derive from Ancient Greek: βίος (bios), life, and
μίμησις (mīmēsis), imitation, from μιμεῖσθαι (mīmeisthai), to
imitate, from μῖμος (mimos), actor. A closely related field
is bionics.

Answer 1

Biomimetics or biomimicry

Question 2

WHY STUDY Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding?

Answer 2

the type of bond allows us to explain
a material’s properties

Question 3

is a poor conductor of electricity

Answer 3

diamond

Question 4

is a good conductor of electricity

Answer 4

graphite

Question 5

consists of a very small
nucleus composed of protons and
neutrons and is encircled by
moving electrons

Answer 5

atom

Question 6

number of protons in the nucleus

Answer 6

atomic number (Z)

Question 7

sum of the masses of protons and neutrons (N)
within the nucleus

Answer 7

atomic mass (A)

Question 8

Both electrons and protons
are electrically charged, the
charge magnitude being

Answer 8

1.602 × 10^-19 𝐶

Question 9

how protons and electrons balance out

Answer 9

Net charge

Question 10

elements have two or more different atomic masses

Answer 10

Isotopes

Question 11

may be used to compute atomic weight.

Answer 11

atomic mass unit (amu)

Question 12

defined as 1/12 of the atomic mass of the most common
isotope of carbon

Answer 12

1 amu

Question 13

1 amu/atom (or molecule) =

Answer 13

1 g/mol

Question 14

Dictate the number of state within each subshell of Bohrs energy
level which is separated into electron subshells

Answer 14

Quantum Numbers

Question 15

may take
on integral values beginning with unity

Answer 15

Principal quantum number n

Question 16

designates
the subshell or sublevel

Answer 16

The second (or azimuthal)
quantum number,
l

Question 17

The number of electron
orbitals for each subshell is
determined by the

Answer 17

third (or
magnetic) quantum number, mL

Question 18

are those that occupy the outermost shell. These electrons are extremely
important; as will be seen, they participate in the bonding between atoms to form atomic and
molecular aggregates. Furthermore, many of the physical and chemical properties of solids are
based on these

Answer 18

valence electrons

Question 19

How two isolated atoms interact as they are brought close together from an infinite
separation

Answer 19

Bonding Forces and Energies

Question 20

the sum of both attractive and
repulsive components;

Answer 20

net force FN

Question 21

net force FN formula

Answer 21

FN = FA + FR

where;

FA = attractive force
FR = repulsive force

Question 22

rO is approximately

Answer 22

0.3 nm = 0.000,000,003
meters

Question 23

he established that matter is consist of indivisible atoms. toms are arrange in different combination
to make different compounds

Answer 23

Dalton’s model

Question 24

Atom are not indivisible, he
discovered that atom have electrons
which is much smaller than atom
He proposed that if you
split atom in half, you will
find tiny electrons stuck
inside on it.
The positive and negative
charge are distributed

Answer 24

Sir Joseph John Thomson

Question 25

Atoms have nucleus All positive charge of atom are all concentrated at the center.

Answer 25

nuclear model 911

Question 26

He was a New Zealand physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics

Answer 26

Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson

Question 27

Bohr model 1913 Electrons are not distributed as Rutherford theory. Instead it is on an orbit like a planet revolving around the sun. The electrons are revolving around the nucleus He was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he rece

Answer 27

Niels Henrik David Bohr

Question 28

Electron is no longer treated as a particle moving in a discrete orbital; rather, position is considered to be the probability of an electron’s being at various locations around the nucleus. In other words, position is described by a probability distribution or electron cloud.

Answer 28

Quantum Mechanical model or cloud model (1920’s)

Question 29

He established Quantum Mechanical model or cloud model (1920’s)

Answer 29

Erwin Schrodinger or Erwin Schroedinger

Question 30

Discover that nucleus have neutrons. (Quantum Mechanical model or cloud model with neutrons (1932’s)) He was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932.

Answer 30

Sir James Chadwick

Question 31

electrically neutral

Answer 31

neutrons

Question 32

how protons and electrons balance out

Answer 32

net change

Question 33

When ___ and ___ are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, there is no net force

Answer 33

Fa and Fr

Question 34

Three different types of primary or chemical bond are found in solids

Answer 34

ionic bond, covalent bond, metallic bond

Question 35

always found in compounds composed of both metallic and non-metallic elements, elements situated at the horizontal extremities of the periodic table.

Answer 35

ionic bonding

Question 36

Hard, brittle, electrically and thermally insulative

Answer 36

ceramic materials

Question 37

states that the electrical force between two charged objects is directly proportional to the product of the quantity of charge on the objects and inversely

Answer 37

Coulomb's Law

Question 38

Is found in materials whose atoms have small differences in electronegativity—that is, that lie near one another in the periodic table

Answer 38

Covalent Bonding

Question 39

Gave away electrons of steal electrons from other atom

Answer 39

ionic bond

Question 40

No stealing of electrons, only sharing

Answer 40

covalent bond

Question 41

No stealing of electrons, only sharing

Answer 41

covalent bond

Question 42

Why atoms bond?

Answer 42

Octet Rule – Atoms are trying to fill their “valence” shell. Want to attained noble gas configuration

Question 43

soft, flexible, low electric conductivity, low boiling and melting point

Answer 43

polymer materials

Question 44

is a molecule consisting of two atoms held by covalent bond

Answer 44

diatomic molecule

Question 45

is a molecule consisting of two atoms held by covalent bond

Answer 45

diatomic molecule

Question 46

The final primary bonding type, is found in metals and their alloys The attraction between metal ions and delocalized electrons A bond found in metals; holds metal atoms together very strongly

Answer 46

metallic bonding

Question 47

is a material's ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the material's ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.

Answer 47

malleability