Introduction

Question 1

involves
the investigation of the
relationship between the
structure and properties of
materials

Answer 1

Materials science

Question 2

deals
with the modification of
structure to produce desired
set of properties.

Answer 2

Materials engineering

Question 3

Why study materials science and engineering?

Answer 3

•in-service conditions must be characterized,
•deterioration of material
properties
•economics

Question 4

___ of a material usually
relates to the arrangement of its
internal components

Answer 4

Structure

Question 5

___ is a material trait in terms
of the kind and magnitude of
response to a specific imposed
stimulus.

Answer 5

Property

Question 6

6 Properties of Materials

Answer 6

mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical, deteriorative

Question 7

hardness, tensile
strength, malleability

Answer 7

mechanical

Question 8

electric conductivity

Answer 8

electrical

Question 9

thermal conductivity

Answer 9

thermal

Question 10

paramagnetism,
diamagnetism

Answer 10

magnetic

Question 11

refraction, absorption,
reflection

Answer 11

optical

Question 12

corrosion
resistance

Answer 12

deteriorative

Question 13

4 components of mat sci and engineering

Answer 13

processing, structure, property, performance

Question 14

4 Classification of Materials

Answer 14

metals, ceramics, polymer, composites

Question 15

good conductors of
electricity and heat

Answer 15

metals

Question 16

low thermal and electrical conductivity, brittle

Answer 16

ceramics

Question 17

low electrical
conductivities and are nonmagnetic

Answer 17

polymer

Question 18

combination of 2
or more

Answer 18

composites

Question 19

metallic elements of metals

Answer 19

iron,
aluminum, copper,
titanium, gold, and
nickel

Question 20

non-metallic elements of metals

Answer 20

carbon, nitrogen,
and oxygen

Question 21

may be transparent, translucent, or opaque

Answer 21

ceramic

Question 22

These materials typically have low densities

Answer 22

polymers

Question 23

easily formed into complex shapes

Answer 23

polymers

Question 24

very good barrier to the diffusion of carbon dioxide

Answer 24

metal (aluminum alloy)

Question 25

impervious to the passage of carbon dioxide

Answer 25

ceramics (glass)

Question 26

It is not as impervious to the passage of carbon dioxide as the aluminum and glass.

Answer 26

polymers (plastic)

Question 27

A composite is composed of two (or more) individual materials, which come from the categories previously discussed—metals, ceramics, and polymers.

Answer 27

composites

Question 28

what means CFRP?

Answer 28

carbon fiber–reinforced polymer

Question 29

Materials that are utilized in high-technology (or high-tech)

Answer 29

advanced materials

Question 30

have electrical properties that are intermediate between the electrical conductors (i.e., metals and metal alloys) and insulators (i.e., ceramics and polymers)

Answer 30

Semiconductors

Question 31

are employed in components implanted into the human body to replace diseased or damaged body parts. These materials must not produce toxic substances and must be compatible with body tissues (i.e., must not cause adverse biological reactions)

Answer 31

biomaterials

Question 32

(intelligent) materials are a group of new and state-of-the-art materials now being developed that will have a significant influence on many of our technologies.

Answer 32

smart materials

Question 33

___ may be called upon to change shape, position, natural frequency, or mechanical characteristics in response to changes in temperature, electric fields, and/or magnetic fields

Answer 33

actuators

Question 34

___ may be any one of the four basic types—metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. However, unlike these other materials, they are not distinguished on the basis of their chemistry, but rather, size

Answer 34

nanomaterials