atomic structure and atomic mass

Question 1

what does the mass of an atom equal

Answer 1

protons + neutrons

Question 2

the number of _ can vary between atoms of the same element

Answer 2

neutrons

Question 3

what is the symbol for an electron

Answer 3

e

Question 4

what is the atomic mass of an electron

Answer 4

1/1840

Question 5

what is the symbol for a proton

Answer 5

p

Question 6

what is the atomic mass of a proton

Answer 6

1

Question 7

what is the symbol for a neutron

Answer 7

n

Question 8

what is the atomic mass of a neutron

Answer 8

1

Question 9

what does the particle model state?

Answer 9

the particles are constantly in motion and are attracted to each other

Question 10

what is matter made up of

Answer 10

particles

Question 11

the particle model is a tool that explains ___

Answer 11

the physical properties of solids, liquids and gases

Question 12

particles can be made smaller by compression or division true or false

Answer 12

false, they cannot be made smaller

Question 13

what are isotopes

Answer 13

elements that have different masses due to the different number of neutrons

Question 14

only a small number of elements have more than one isotope

Answer 14

false, nearly all elements have more than one isotope

Question 15

what does the E stand for in shorthand

Answer 15

element

Question 16

what does A stand for in shorthand and does it go above or below Z

Answer 16

atomic mass and it goes above Z

Question 17

what does Z stand for in shorthand

Answer 17

atomic number

Question 18

this formula: Ir = mass or protons + neutrons is…

Answer 18

the relative atomic mass

Question 19

the abundance of an isotope is calculated by:

Answer 19

((lr isotope 1 * abundance) + (lr isotope 2 *abundance))/100

Question 20

the abundance of an isotope is…

Answer 20

known as the relative isotopic abundance

Question 21

what does the abundance of an isotope dictate?

Answer 21

the average mass of an element

Question 22

what is the relative formula/molecular mass?

Answer 22

F/Mr = Ar of e1 + Ar of e2

Question 23

the sum of ratios of atomic masses of the atoms contained in a lattice is found with the

Answer 23

relative formula mass

Question 24

the relative molecular mass finds the sum of

Answer 24

the relative atomic masses

Question 25

what are unstable isotopes known as?

Answer 25

radioisotopes

Question 26

why are radioisotopes unstable

Answer 26

they emit radiation

Question 27

the three forms of radiation are

Answer 27

alpha, beta, gamma

Question 28

what is gamma in the form of?

Answer 28

pure radiation

Question 29

a particle with 2 protons and 2 neutrons is

Answer 29

an alpha particle

Question 30

a beta particle contains

Answer 30

electrons

Question 31

the valence shell is the

Answer 31

outer shell

Question 32

true or false: electrons arrange themselves as closely to the nucleus as possible

Answer 32

true

Question 33

each shell contains an undefined number of electrons

Answer 33

false. each shell contains a maximum number of electrons

Question 34

how can you find the maximum number of shells given a shell number (n)

Answer 34

2n^2

Question 35

true or false: the higher energy shells fill before the lower energy shells

Answer 35

false, the lower energy shells fill before the higher energy shells

Question 36

true or false: after the 1st and 2nd shells fill, 18 electrons immediately fill shell 3

Answer 36

false. the first 8 fill the 3rd shell, the next 2 fill the 4th and then the remaining 10 shells fill the 3rd shell

Question 37

what is the pauli exclusion principle?

Answer 37

each electron of a pair in an orbital must have an opposite spin

Question 38

the principle that states the lower energy orbitals are always filled before higher energy orbitals is known as

Answer 38

the aufbau principle

Question 39

hund’s rule states that:

Answer 39

orbitals ina subshell must all be filled before an orbital is filled with a second electron

Question 40

how many electrons can fit into an orbital?

Answer 40

2

Question 41

how many electrons can the ‘s’ subshell fit

Answer 41

2

Question 42

the subshell that fits 6 electrons is the

Answer 42

‘p’ subshell

Question 43

how many orbitals are in the ‘d’ subshell

Answer 43

5

Question 44

the ‘f’ subshell contains 9 subshells, true or false

Answer 44

false, it contains 7