Atomic structure and the periodic table (1)

Question 1

what is a compound?

Answer 1

A substance that contains two or more elements that are chemically combined.

Question 2

Who created the periodic table?

Answer 2

Dimitri Mendeleev

Question 3

What are ions?

Answer 3

An atom that has lost or gained an electron.

Question 4

What is the subscript when an atom loses an electron?

Answer 4

+

Question 5

What is the subscript when an atom gains an electron

Answer 5

-

Question 6

What are reactants?

Answer 6

substances that react together in a chemical reaction

Question 7

What are the four state symbols?

Answer 7

Solid (S) Liquid (L) Gas (G) Aqueous solution (aq)

Question 8

What is H20(S)

Answer 8

Ice

Question 9

What is HCL(G)

Answer 9

Hydrogen Chloride gas

Question 10

What is the law of the conversation of mass?

Answer 10

No atoms are lost or made during a chemical reaction

Question 11

N2 + H2 = NH3

Is this a balanced equation?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What is a pure substance?

Answer 12

A substance consisting of only one element or compound

Question 13

What is a mixture?

Answer 13

two or more different substances, not chemically joined together

Question 14

True or false

the components of a mixture can be separated without chemical reactions

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is filtration?

Answer 15

separating an insoluble solid from a liquid

Question 16

What is crystallisation?

Question 17

what is simple distillation?

Answer 17

Separating a solvent from a solution

Producing pure water from seawater e.g

Question 18

What is fractional distillation?

Answer 18

Separating different liquids from a mixture of liquids

Question 19

What is paper chromatography?

Answer 19

Separating mixtures of soluble substances

Question 20

Who discovered the electron?

Answer 20

J J Thomson

Question 21

What is the plum pudding model of an atom?

Answer 21

A ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded within

Question 22

Who performed the gold foil experiment?

Answer 22

Rutherford

Question 23

Who created the nuclear model for an atom?

Answer 23

Rutherford

Question 24

What did the gold foil experiment prove?

Answer 24

There was space within the atom

There is a positive nucleus within

Question 25

Who discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus in shells?

Answer 25

Bohr

Question 26

Who discovered neutrons within the nucleus?

Answer 26

Chadwick

Question 27

What is the radius of an atom?

Answer 27

0.1nm / 1x10 (to the power of)-10 m

Question 28

what is the radius of a nucleus?

Answer 28

1 x 10 (to the power of) -14 m

Question 29

what is the relative charge of a proton, a neutron, and an electron?

Answer 29

+1, 0, -1

Question 30

what is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 30

The number of protons in it | It is always the smallest number

Question 31

how do you work out the number of neutrons in an element?

Answer 31

mass-atomic

Question 32

what are isotopes?

Answer 32

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons different mass numbers

Question 33

What is the relative atomic mass of an atom?

Answer 33

a weighted average of the masses of the atoms of the isotopes.

Question 34

What is the formula to calculate the relative atomic mass?

Answer 34

The total mass of atoms / total number of atoms

Question 35

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in the periodic table?

Answer 35

- For undiscovered elements | - To predict the properties of undiscovered elements

Question 36

what is the electric structure of an atom?

Answer 36

the way electrons are arranged in an atom

Question 37

properties of metals

Answer 37

``` Good conductor of electricity Good conductor of heat Shiny High density Malleable Ductile ```

Question 38

properties of non metals (when solid)

Answer 38

Good conductor of electricity Poor conductor of electricity Poor conductor of heat Dull Low density Brittle

Question 39

what are the elements in group 0 known as

Answer 39

noble gases

Question 40

what common properties do all noble gases share

Answer 40

low boiling points

Question 41

what happens as you go down group 0

Answer 41

- the atoms become larger - intermolecular forces between atoms become stronger - more energy is needed to overcome these forces