Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table Flashcards
True or false: Metallic elements don’t conduct electricity
False
What are the general properties of metals?
High melting and boiling points
Good conductors of electricity and heat
Malleable (change shape when hit)
Dense
Shiny
What are the general properties of non-metals?
Low melting and boiling points
Poor conductors of electricity (except carbon)
Brittle (break when hit)
Dull
Less dense
What are the three particles that make up atoms?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Where are protons found in atom?
Nucleus
Where are neutrons found in atom?
Nucleus
Where are electrons found in atom?
Shells
What is is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is is the charge of a neutron?
0
What is is the charge of an electron?
-1
What are the units for protons, neutrons and electrons?
amu (atomic mass units)
What is the atomic mass of protons and neutrons?
1amu
What is the atomic mass of electrons?
approx. 1/1837 amu (can say negligible as we ignore this)
True or false: the number of protons is the same as the number of electrons
True
What is the name for the number of protons?
The atomic number
How can you calculate the atomic mass?
Number of protons + number of neutrons
How can you calculate the number of neutrons?
The atomic mass - the atomic number
How many electrons can the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th shells hold?
2, 8, 8, 16
When drawing electron configuration, what do we use to represent the electrons?
Crosses
How can you determine the number of electrons in the outer shell from the periodic table?
The group number
How can you determine the number of shells in an element from the periodic table?
The period number is the number of shells
What is an isotope?
When an element has multiple occurrences where they have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What distinguishes isotopes?
Relative atomic mass (RAM)
How can you calculate the relative atomic mass of two isotopes?
Take the mass number of one isotope and multiply it by the percentage of occurrence and do this for all isotopes. Add them all up and divide by 100
