Atomic structure and the periodic table

Question 1

What is the approximate radius of an atom?

Answer 1

10^-10m

Question 2

How meany times smaller is the radius of the nucleus than the radius of the rest of the atom?

Answer 2

1/10,000

Question 2

What particles make up the nucleus?

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons

Question 3

What two particles of an atom have a similar mass?

Answer 3

Protons and neutrons

Question 4

What charge does a proton have?

Answer 4

+

Question 4

What charge does a neutron have?

Answer 4

Neutral

Question 5

At what distance do electrons orbit the nucleus?

Answer 5

10^-10m

Question 6

How do electrons change there orbit?

Answer 6

By absorbing or emitting electromagnetic radiation

Question 7

What is the mass like of a electron?

Answer 7

Very little mass

Question 8

What charge do electrons carry?

Answer 8

-

Question 9

Where is most of the mass of an atom?

Answer 9

The nucleus

Question 9

What is the mass number?

Answer 9

Number of neutrons plus protons

Question 10

What is the charge of an atom?

Answer 10

Neutral

Question 10

What is the atomic number?

Answer 10

Number of protons

Question 11

What type of ion is formed when an electron is added?

Answer 11

A negative ion

Question 12

What type of ion is formed when a electron is removed?

Answer 12

A positive ion

Question 12

What are ions made in?

Answer 12

Pairs

Question 13

What feature of an atom determines what element it is?

Answer 13

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 14

What has the smaller number atomic or mass?

Answer 14

Atomic

Question 15

What is an isotope?

Answer 15

They are different forms of a particular element. Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 15

Who performed the gold paper experiment?

Answer 15

Geiger and Marsden

Question 15

How was the nucleus discovered?

Answer 15

A beam of alpha particles were directed at a thin sheet of gold oil. Alpha particles were known to be positively charged helium ions which travel very quickly. Most travelled through although a very small amount changed direction and to a deflected by the positive nucleus.

Question 16

What did JJ Thompson discover?

Answer 16

Electrons were emitted from the surface of hot metals.
.Electrons are negatively charged
.Much less massive than atoms.

Question 16

What did Democritus theorise?

Answer 16

He suggested the idea of atoms as small particles that cannot be cut or divided.

Question 17

What year did JJ Thompson make his discovery?

Answer 17

1897

Question 18

What year did JJ Thompson propose a new idea for the model of an atom?

Answer 18

1904

Question 18

What was the name JJ’s Thompsons new model of the atom?

Answer 18

Plum pudding model

Question 19

What was JJ Thompson‘s idea for the new structure of an atom?

Answer 19

That atoms were made up of a ball of positive charge with electrons dotted around it

Question 20

Who came up with the theory of the gold leaf experiment?

Answer 20

Ernest Rutherford

Question 20

When did James Chadwick discover the neutron?

Answer 20

1932

Question 21

Who discovered neutrons?

Answer 21

James Chadwick

Question 22

What did Niels Bohr suggest was the structure of an atom?

Answer 22

That electrons travel in circular orbits around the nucleus

Question 22

What is the melting/ boiling point of metals?

Answer 22

High

Question 22

What forms when metals react with non metals?

Answer 22

Positive ions in ionic compounds

Question 23

What happens when metals react with metals?

Answer 23

No reaction

Question 24

What happens when non metals react with non metals?

Answer 24

React to form molecules

Question 25

What are group 0 known as?

Answer 25

The nobel gases

Question 26

What is the appearance of the noble gases at room temp?

Answer 26

Colourless gas

Question 27

Are the noble gases metals or non metals?

Answer 27

Non metals

Question 28

What are the boiling points like in the noble gases?

Answer 28

Low

Question 29

What happens to the boiling points of the noble gases as you go down the group?

Answer 29

As they get heavier as they go down the group the boiling points increase

Question 29

What is the reactivity of the noble gases?

Answer 29

unreactive as they have a stable outer shell

Question 30

What are 3 examples of noble gasses?

Answer 30

Helium, neon, argon

Question 31

Are the alkali metals soft or hard?

Answer 31

Soft

Question 31

What are group 1 called?

Answer 31

Alkali metals

Question 32

What is the appearance of the alkali metals at room temp?

Answer 32

Silvery-grey metals

Question 32

What is the melting points of the alkali metals and what happens as they move down the group?

Answer 32

Low melting point and the melting point decreases as it goes down the group

Question 33

What do alkali metals easily react with?

Answer 33

Non metals

Question 34

(Alkali metals) Metal + oxygen =

Answer 34

Metal oxide White powder produced

Question 35

(Alkali metals) Metal + water =

Answer 35

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 36

What happens when alkali metals react with water?

Answer 36

Form a colourless solutions

Question 37

What happens to the reactivity of alkali metals as they move down the group?

Answer 37

Get more reactive

Question 38

What are group 7 known as?

Answer 38

The halogens

Question 39

What is are halides?

Answer 39

A compound made from group 7 elements

Question 39

What is a diatomic molecule?

Answer 39

A molecule containing two atoms

Question 40

What are the melting/ boiling points like for the halogens and what happens as they move down the group?

Answer 40

Low and they increase as they move down the group

Question 40

What is displacement?

Answer 40

When a more reactive elements displace a less reactive element from a compound

Question 41

What are the properties of the periodic table?

Answer 41

.good thermal conductor .good electrical conductor .shiny when polished

Question 41

What happens when a transition metal reacts with a non metal?

Answer 41

Forms ionic compounds

Question 42

Who came up with the law of octaves?

Answer 42

John Newlands

Question 42

What was the periodic table originally ordered by?

Answer 42

The atomic weight of elements

Question 43

What is the idea of the law of octaves?

Answer 43

That the properties of elements seemed to repeat every eighth element

Question 44

What did Mendeleev do to the periodic table?

Answer 44

Left gaps for elements he predicted had yet to be discovered

Question 45

What are the three methods for separating mixtures?

Answer 45

Filtration, evaporation, crystallisation, Simple distillation

Question 46

What is evaporation used to separate?

Answer 46

A dissolved solid from the solvent

Question 46

What is filtration used to separate?

Answer 46

An insoluble solid from a liquid

Question 46

What is crystallisation used to separate?

Answer 46

A dissolved solid from the solvent

Question 47

What is simple distillation used to separate?

Answer 47

The solvent from the solution

Question 48

What are vertical columns called j. The periodic table?

Answer 48

Groups