Atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the charge of a proton
+1
What are elements
If a substance contains atoms with the same number of protons it’s an element
Give the formula for: Carbon dioxide and Sodium carbonate
CO2 and Na2CO3
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
Compounds are formed from two or more elements which have chemically react and are held together by chemical bonds. Unlike in a compound there’s no chemical bond in parts of a mixture.
What is the name of the pattern formed from carrying out paper chromatography?
Chromatogram
Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?
Filtration
Give the name of a method to separate a soluble solid from a liquid.
Evaporation or cristallisation
Which method of distillation would you use to separate liquids with similar boiling points?
Fractional distillation
Who discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong?
Ernest Rutherford
Who first devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron?
James Chadwick
Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements
To make sure that elements with similar properties stayed in the same groups. They indicated the existence of undiscovered element.
How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an elements related.
The group number is the same as the number of electrons in its outer shell
What kind of ions do metals form?
Positive
Where are non-metals on the periodic table
On the right side
Give three properties which are specific to transition metals
Can have more than one ion, are often coloured and make good catalysts.
State three trends as you go down group 1
Higher reactivity, lower boiling and melting points and higher relative atomic mass
State the products of the reaction of sodium and water
Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen
State the differences between group 1 and transition metals
Group 1 metals are soft
Group 1 metals are very reactive
Group 1 metals have low melting points
How do the boiling points of halogens change as you down the group?
They increase
What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals?
Negative
Predict whether iodine is displaced by chlorine in a solution of potassium iodide?
Yes iodine is displaced since chlorine is more reactive as it’s higher in the group
What is the trend in boiling points as you down Group 0?
They increase
