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Science (7+8 Grade) > Atomic Theory And Models > Flashcards

Atomic Theory And Models Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Plum Pudding model?

A

Atoms are made mostly out of positively charged material, like dough in a bun. The negatively charged electrons are found inside the positive dough

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2
Q

Who created the Plum Pudding model?

A

JJ Thomson

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3
Q

When did Thomson’s introduce his theory?

A

1897

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4
Q

What did Democritus contribute to the atomic theory?

A

He said:

Matter is formed of small pieces that could not be cut into smaller parts called atomos meaning uncuttable

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5
Q

When did Democritus introduce his theory?

A

430 BC

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6
Q

What information did John Dalton contribute to the atomic theory?

A

1) Atoms are tiny,invisible particles
2) Atoms of one element are all the same
3) Atoms of different elements are different
4) Compounds form by combining atoms

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7
Q

When did John Dalton introduce his theory?

A

1808

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8
Q

The positively charged particle in an atom

A

Proton

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9
Q

What is a proton?

A

The positively charged particles in the nucleus

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10
Q

Atom model

A

A representation of an Atom (a picture of what the atomic theories explain)

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11
Q

Atom

A

The smallest particle in which an element can be divided and still be the same substance

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12
Q

John Dalton

A

British Chemist who developed his atomic theory gathered from observations gathered during his experiment.

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13
Q

Electron

A

The negatively charged particles in an atom that are involved in the formation of chemical bonds

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14
Q

Particle

A

A tiny piece or part

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15
Q

Nucleus

A

The tiny extremely dense positively charged region in the center of an atom, made of protons and neutrons

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16
Q

Bohr Model

A

The model of the atom that states that electrons move around the center of the atom’s nucleus in fixed orbit; also called the planetary model

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17
Q

Ernest Rutherford

A

Scientist Who stated that the atom was mostly empty space in at the center was a small dense positively charged nucleus

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18
Q

Neils Bohr

A

Danish Scientist who suggested that electrons travel around the nucleus in fixed paths

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19
Q

Fixed orbit

A

To revolve around an object in a fixed path

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20
Q

Neutron

A

The particles of the nucleus that have no charge

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21
Q

Quarks

A

The subatomic particles that make up protons, electrons, and neutrons.

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22
Q

Subatomic particle

A

Any particles that are smaller than an atom

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23
Q

Electron cloud

A

The regions inside an atom where electrons are likely to be found

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24
Q

Mass number

A

The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom

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25
Q

John Thomson

A

British chemist whose experiments with the cathode-ray tube led to the discovery of electrons

26
Q

Atomic mass unit (amu)

A

The SI unit used to express the masses of particles in an atom

27
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

28
Q

Atomic mass

A

The weighted average masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element

29
Q

Chemical symbol

A

A shorthand way to write the name of an element

30
Q

Isotope

A

Atoms with the same number of protons but hav different numbers of neutrons

31
Q

Periodic table

A

A table of elements in order by increasing atomic mass

32
Q

Energy level

A

A region of an atom in which electrons if the same energy are likely to be found

33
Q

Why do scientists use models?

A

To help explain the structure of an atom

34
Q

What things makes an atomic model useful?

A

It must support all the information that is known about matter and the behavior of atoms

35
Q

_________’s model was a simple sphere

A

John Dalton’s

36
Q

________ join with other _______ to form new substances

A

Atoms;atoms

37
Q

Who discovered the electron?

A

John Thomson

38
Q

When was Ernest Rutherford’s atomic theory proposed?

A

1911

39
Q

Who discovered the nucleus of an atom

A

Rutherford

40
Q

Who said hat electrons travel in fixed orbits?

A

Neils Bohr

41
Q

What is Niels Bohr’s model called?

A

Bohr model / planetary model

42
Q

What is the model we currently follow today?

A

Electron Cloud Model / Quantum Mechanics model

43
Q

What’s the difference between the electron cloud model and Bohr’s model?

A

Bohr’s model showed electrons traveling in fixed paths, electron cloud had electrons scattered throughout randomly with no predicted pattern

44
Q

When did James Chadwick discover the neutron?

A

1932

45
Q

In 1932, _______ _______________ discovered the neutron in the center of an atom

A

James Chadwick

46
Q

Where are the electrons located in an atom?

A

The electron cloud

47
Q

What is atomic mass?

A

The weighted average masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element

48
Q

What charge does a proton have?

A

Positive

49
Q

What charge does a neutron have?

A

Neutral / no charge

50
Q

What charge does an electron have?

A

Negative

51
Q

What was JJ Thomson’s model of the atom called?

A

The Plum Pudding Model

52
Q

How many neutrons does a titanium atom have if:
The atomic number is 22
The atomic mass is 48

A

26

53
Q

Which subatomic particles have the most mass?

A

Protons and neutrons

54
Q

Where are the protons and neutrons located?

A

The nucleus

55
Q

Why does and atom have a neutral charge?

A

Because a normal atom has the same amount of protons as electrons which cancel each other out

56
Q

How are the numbers of protons determined in an element

A

The atomic number

57
Q

How do you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?

A

You subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass

58
Q

What’s the weakest force in the atom?

A

Gravity

59
Q

What is the strongest force in an atom?

A

Strong force

60
Q

What are the four forces in an atom?

A

1) Gravity
2) Electromagnetic Force
3) Strong Force
4) Weak Force

61
Q

Organize the forces in an atom from strongest to weakest

A

1) Strong Force
2) Electromagnetic Force
3) Weak Force
4) Gravity

Science (7+8 Grade) (16 decks)

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