ATP Flashcards
(21 cards)
phosphocreatine
used for short bursts of energy when ATP is depleted
phosphocreatine catalysed by
creatine kinase
glycolysis controlled steps
PFK1 controls
ATP overproduction regulated
pyruvate kinase
insulin regulated
PFK
regulator step in glycolysis, controlled by F26BP
F26BP and insulin
high insulin increases F26BP, causing more PFK and more glycolysis
pyruvate into lactate
anaerobic, ETC inhibited
NAD formed to use in glycolysis
catalysed by lactate dehydrogenase
pyruvate into acetyl CoA
from pyruvate dehydrogenase, produces Co2
Krebs
produces NADH and FADH2 to go into ETC
anaerobic glycolysis
lactate dehydrogenase produces lactate and NAD to support glycolysis
complexes for ETC
complex 1 is NADH
UQ is FADH2
4 overall complexes
ATP synthase
large enzyme at the end that goes ADP to ATP
mitochondrial inhibitors
rotenone, antimycin, cynanide, carbon monoxide and oligomycin
molecular switches
protein kinase or GTP binding
insulin promotes
glucose into the tissues
production of ATP
storage of glycogen
storage as fatty acids and TAG
glycogen storage
liver and muscle
glycogen synthesis signalling
glycogen synthase
glycogen breakdown
glycogen phosphorylase
insulin on glycogen production
no inhibition of glycogen synthase, glycogen produced
inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase to prevent breakdown into glucose
muscle glycogen
not acted upon by fasting
glucagon promotes
glucose release in the liver
TAG breakdown from adipose
aminoacids to glucose
glucagon and glucogen
glucagon promotes glycogen phosphorylase activity
