ATP 3-04.1

Question 1

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

G

Answer 1

Gain and Maintain enemy contact

Question 2

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

O

Answer 2

Orient on recon objective

Question 3

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

R

Answer 3

Report accurate and timely

Question 4

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

R

Answer 4

Retain freedom of maneuver

Question 5

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

GORRDE

Answer 5

• Gain and maintain enemy contact.
• Orient on the reconnaissance objective.
• Report all information rapidly and accurately.
• Retain the freedom of maneuver.
• Develop the situation rapidly
• Do not keep reconnaissance assets in reserve.
• Ensure continuous reconnaissance.

Question 6

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

D

Answer 6

Do not keep recon assets in reserve

Question 7

Reconnaissance Fundamentals

E

Answer 7

Ensure cont. reconnaissance

Question 8

CDR’s recon guidance

FTED

Answer 8

Focus

Tempo

Engagement/ disengagement/ bypass criteria

Displacement/ BHO criteria

Question 9

Reconnaissance forms (types)

Answer 9

Zone
Area (within smaller prescribed area than the zone)
Route
Recon-in-Force (cdr has intel gap) (discover/ test enemy strengths)

Question 10

Offensive Operations

MAEP

Answer 10

Capitalize on accurate and timely intelligence • Maneuvers forces to advantageous positions before contact

Movement to contact
Attack
Exploitation
Pursuit

Question 11

Movement to contact

FGMMD

Answer 11

Focus all efforts on finding the enemy

Gain enemy contact early with the smallest reconnaissance force within the allotted time

Maintain contact and fix the enemy while retaining the freedom to maneuver to prevent premature commitment of the protected force

Maintain adequate follow on combat power to rapidly develop the situation after gaining enemy contact

Destroy, defeat, disrupt, divert, or delay enemy forces

Question 12

Attack intent

Answer 12

• Destroys or Defeat enemy forces

* Seizes and Secures terrain

Question 13

Attack fundamentals

Answer 13

Must mass the effects of overwhelming combat power against a selected portion of the enemy force with tempo and intensity that cannot be matched by the enemy

Question 14

Attack types

Answer 14

Hasty

Deliverate

Question 15

Exploitation

Intent and Fundamentals

Answer 15

Intent:
To disorganize the enemy in depth (ADRP 3-90).

Fundamentals:
Seeks to disintegrate enemy forces to the point where they have no alternative but surrender or take flight.
Exploitations take advantage of tactical opportunities.
Hasty or deliberate

Question 16

Pursuit

Overview and fundamentals

Answer 16

Overview:
• To catch or cut off a hostile force attempting to escape, with the aim of destroying it (ADRP 3-90)

Fundamentals:
• Normally follows a successful exploitation
• Occurs when the enemy resistance has broken down and the enemy is fleeing the battlefield
• Pursuits entail rapid movement and decentralized control
• Enhanced operational reach enables the ground commander to destroy enemy forces in depth

Question 17

Security operations

Answer 17

• Prevent the enemy from determining friendly locations, strengths, and weaknesses
• Preserve combat power while preventing the enemy from gaining a position of relative advantage.
• Typically defensive in nature
• Provide the combined arms team:
• Early and accurate warning of enemy activities
• Reaction time and maneuver space to prevent surprise
• The ability to rapidly develop the situation upon gaining enemy contact

Question 18

Security Operations

Fundamentals (MOPP-P)

Answer 18

Maintain enemy contact • it does not break contact unless directed to do so by higher headquarters.

Orient on the protected force, area, or facility • operates at a specified distance between the protected main body, area, or facility and the known or suspected enemy positions • must be prepared to move as the main body maneuvers

• Perform continuous reconnaissance • must conduct thorough, continuous reconnaissance to gain all possible information about the enemy
• Provide early and accurate warning • provides the commander with time and information to seize the initiative and choose the time and place to engage the enemy
• Provide reaction time and maneuver space • security element operates as far from the main body as possible • fights to ensure that the main body has adequate time and space to maneuver against the enemy

Question 19

Security Forms (types)

Answer 19

Screen (early warning, not decisively engaged)
Guard (fight to gain time, increased firepower to engage)
Cover (self contained, operates independent of main body)
Area (aerial, convoy, route, local)

Question 20

Attack Employment

Answer 20

Continuous (1 BP, 1 HA, 1 Farp)
Phased (2 BP, 1 Farp)
Maximum destruction (3 BP)

Question 21

BP/ABF/SPF: (NORMA)

Answer 21

Nature of the Target

Obstacles

Range to Target

Multiple Firing Positions

Area to Maneuver

Question 22

Firing position operations

Answer 22

Background

Range

Target Altitude

Sun or Full Moon

Shadow

Concealment

Rotor Wash

Maneuver Area

Fields of Fire

Fields of Observation

Question 23

Weapon delivery techniques

Answer 23

Hover Fire
Moving Fire
Running Fire
Diving Fire

Question 24

Attack methods

Answer 24

Low-level attack
Bump attack
High attack

Question 25

Attack patterns

Answer 25

``` Racetrack Cloverleaf L-pattern Figure 8 45 degree Circular/ wheel ```

Question 26

Attack by Fire (ABF)

Answer 26

Overview: • Designates the general position from which a unit conducts the tactical task of attack by fire * Purpose: • To mass the effects of direct fire systems for one or multiple locations toward the enemy * Notes: • A non-restrictive control measure • Does not indicate the specific site but a general location • Rarely applicable to units larger than company size

Question 27

Support by Fire (SBF)

Answer 27

* Designates the general position from which a unit conducts the tactical mission task of support by fire * Purpose: • To increase the supported force's freedom of maneuver by placing direct fires on an objective that is going to be assaulted by a friendly force * Notes: • Located within the maximum friendly direct-fire range of the enemy positions • Normally located on the flank of the assault force. • Placed so as not to inhibit supporting fires (FA)

Question 28

Battle Position (BP)

Answer 28

* Overview: • Designated for attack helicopters, in which they can maneuver and fire into a designated EA * Purpose: • A restrictive control measure that depicts the location and general orientation of the attack unit * Notes: • Positions selected based on the: • nature of the target • obstacles • range to target • multiple firing positions • area to maneuver

Question 29

Fire Position

Answer 29

* Overview: • The actual firing positions (FPs) that provide standoff ranges and good fields of fire within their BP, ABF, or SBF * Purpose: • Depicts the actual position from which attack aviation will fire into the EA from * Notes: • Attack helicopter pilots in command (PICs) select the actual firing positions • Ingress and egress routes should be well-concealed • The background of the FP should reduce the risk of visual acquisition by the enemy • Must also allow freedom of movement for the attack helicopters and permit them to be hovered without raising dust or debris • Attack helicopter aircrews should limit the number of engagements from a single FP and move before they receive effective counter-fire

Question 30

Holding Area (HA)

Answer 30

* Overview: • The last covered and concealed position prior to the objective * Purpose: • Allows for final reconnaissance and coordination of assets * Notes: • Normally located 2 to 5 kilometers behind the FLOT forward operating base or a tactical assembly area (TAA) • HA Considerations: • Aircraft remain at NOE altitudes at or within the vicinity of the HA. • Aircraft maintain operating • Aircrews maintain radio silence. • Separate HAs are established for each company. • Aircraft establish positions that provide 360-degree security • The 12 o'clock position is oriented towards the enemy. • HA is terrain masked and free of sources of rotor wash signature

Question 31

Engagement Area (EA)

Answer 31

* Overview: • An area in which the commander intends to trap and destroy an enemy force with massed fires of all available weapons and supporting systems. * Notes: • Must use obstacles, FS, fire distribution plans, and a thorough IPB to coordinate both combined and joint fires and mass them against the enemy force as it arrives in the EA • Battle and firing positions are selected in relation to EAs • Four characteristics of an EA are: • BPs: Should have several BPs for attacking from various directions. • Obstacles to movement: To slow target movement and permit the effective use of direct and indirect fires. • Long-range fires: To enhance aircraft survivability, aircrews must engage targets at the maximum range that permits a high PK • Continuous target visibility: Unobstructed view of the target from firing or designating positions. Planning should concentrate on sensor ranges, not weapon maximum standoff ranges, for EAs

Question 32

Target Reference Point (TRP)

Answer 32

* Overview: • An easily recognizable point on the ground used to initiate, distribute, and control fires * Notes: • Can also designate the center of an area where the commander plans to distribute or converge the fires of all his weapons rapidly • Designated using the standard target symbol and numbers issued by the fire support officer • May also constitute indirect fire targets