Atrial fibrillation

Question 1

Agents used to control rate in patients with atrial fibrillation

Answer 1

beta-blockers

calcium channel blockers

digoxin (not considered first-line anymore as they are less effective at controlling the heart rate during exercise. However, they are the preferred choice if the patient has coexistent heart failure)

Question 2

Agents used to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with a history of atrial fibrillation

Answer 2

sotalol

amiodarone

flecainide

others (less commonly used in UK): disopyramide, dofetilide, procainamide, propafenone, quinidine

Question 3

factors which may be considered when considering either a rate control or rhythm control strategy

Answer 3