Attachment Flashcards

Question

Lorenz (1935) procedure

Answer 1

divided greylag goose eggs into two batches one batch hatched naturally with the mother and the other batch hatched in an incubator with Lorenz present, making sure that he was the first moving object the gosling encountered

Answer 2

the naturally hatched baby goslings followed their mother and the incubator hatched goslings followed Lorenz around incubator hatched goslings showed no bond to their natural mother

Answer 3

imprinting is a form of attachment whereby close contact is kept with the first large moving object encountered certain animals had an innate tendency to respond immediately to specific forms of stimuli

Answer 4

P - reliable finding as many animal studies have found that animals attach to the first object they see E - Guiton (1966) showed that leghorn chicks became imprinted on the yellow gloves use to feed them in their first few weeks E - increases reliability of Lorenz's findings as they both found that animals attach to the first moving object they see L - young animals are born with a predisposition on any moving thing that is present during the critical window of development

Answer 5

P - issue of animal extrapolation E - studies of birds, there is a problem in generalising from birds to humans as animal brains are qualitatively different to humans E - mammalian attachment system is different to birds, e.g. mammals show more emotional attachment to young than birds do L - reduces the generalisability of the findings as there is a considerable difference between birds and humans in their natural attachment behaviour

Answer 6

one harsh 'wire mother' and a second soft 'towelling mother'

Answer 7

16 baby monkeys were used across the four caged conditions: 1. 'wire mother' dispensing milk and 'towelling mother' with no milk 2. 'wire mother' with no milk and 'towelling mother' dispensing milk 3. 'wire mother' dispensing milk 4. 'towelling mother' dispensing milk time baby monkey spent with each mother was recorded (DV), alongside how long they spent feeding at each one (DV) mother preference for periods of stress was tested with a loud noise

Answer 8

infants spent more time cuddling the terry cloth mother even though they also received nourishment from the wire mother the bond is not purely physiological when presented with stressful variables they would come close to the terry cloth mother infants who grew up with the terry clothe mother exhibited emotional attachment

Answer 9

Rhesus monkeys have an innate drive for contact comfort, suggesting that attachment concerns emotional security contact comfort is associated with lower levels of stress

Answer 10

90 days after this time the damage from maternal deprivation was done and attachment was no longer possible

Answer 11

P - real life application to social care settings E - social workers can now better understand the risk factors in child abuse and neglect and can understand the detrimental effects of maternal deprivations E - this research has significantly shaped influential policies, this outweighs the unethical costs of Harlow's monkey research L - This research would not be allowed today but has had a lasting influence in the real world

Answer 12

Learning theory - nurture (learnt) Bowlby's theory - nature (evolutionary)

Answer 13

says all behaviour is learnt rather than inborn babies are a blank state and are shaped through their experiences caregivers can become quickly associated with food

Answer 14

Food = ucs, baby feels pleasure = ucr mother = ns + food(ucs), baby feels pleasure = ucr mother = cs, baby feels pleasure = cr